높은 주파수 거래 외환 공장

고주파 거래자를 두려워 하는가?
언론은 당신을 두려워하기를 좋아합니다. 그들은 퀀트의 부상과 그들이 세상을 어떻게 이끌어 가고 있는지에 대한 모든 기사를 씁니다. 그들은 마치 퀀트가 시장의 모든 비효율을 이용하고있는 것처럼 보입니다. 불공정 한 이득을 얻었고 작은 녀석이 이기지 못하는 것처럼 보입니다. 그들은 시장에서 이익을 얻는 유일한 방법은 수학 괴짜라고 믿게하려고합니다. 그들이 얼마나 틀린 지.
다음과 같은 점을 망치는 것을 계속하는 기사가 있습니다.
이 기사는 금융 엔지니어들이 월스트리트에서 일하고 좋은 급여를받는 방법에 대해 이야기합니다. 그것은 졸업생 학교에있는 퀀텀 파이낸싱 프로그램의 수가 지난 10 년 동안 폭발했다.
퀀트는 빠른 발사 알고리즘과 슈퍼 컴퓨터로 극도로 단기간의 비효율적 인 부분을 활용할 수 있지만, 그에 관한 내용입니다. 그들은 높은 빈도 차익 거래 기회를 수행 할 수 있습니다. 그러나 그들은 다른 것들을 많이 할 수 없습니다. 그들이 더 장기간의 거래에 종사하려고 노력하고 몇 시간이나 며칠 또는 그 이상 동안 자신들의 거래를 유지한다면, 그 이점은 심각하게 줄어들고 거의 존재하지 않는다. 왜? 왜냐하면 그들의 알고리즘은 장시간 동안 시장을 움직이지 않기 때문입니다. 훨씬 더 큰 역할을하는 다른 주문 흐름 생성기가 있습니다.
뉴스 거래, 글로벌 매크로 및 정서 기반 비효율과 같은 전략은 고 빈도 거래자에게는 통하지 않습니다. 이러한 전략 중 하나를 사용하여 거래를 할 때마다 나는 고주파 거래자들이하는 일에 정말로 신경을 쓰지 않는다. 왜냐하면 그들은 충분한 주문 흐름을 내지 않기 때문이다.
종종 고 빈도 거래자가 이익을 얻기 위해 사용하는 전략은 소규모 소매 외환 거래자가 사용할 수 없습니다. 고주파 매장은 이러한 재정 거래 기회를 찾기 위해 기술 및 인프라에 많은 돈을 투자했기 때문입니다. 따라서 고 빈도 거래자를 두려워해서는 안됩니다.
나는 좋은 돈을 버는 콴 트가 있고 그들이 무엇을하고 있는지 알 것입니다. 그와 같은 길을 추구하는 것은 잘못된 것이 아닙니다. 그러나 주문 흐름과 글로벌 매크로 기반 전략을 사용하여 시장에서 성공한 훨씬 더 많은 상인들이 있습니다.
재무 역사상 가장 큰 거래 중 다수가 글로벌 매크로 및 주문 흐름 분석을 사용하여 배치되었습니다. Soros는 잉글랜드 은행을 무너 뜨리고, 서브 프라임 시장을 단락시키고 수십억 달러를 벌어들이는 사람들, 호주 달러 강세에 베팅 한 상인 또는 스위스 프랑의 힘. 이것들은 모두 글로벌 매크로 분석을 포함합니다. 양적 분석과 관련이 거의 없습니다.

iProfit HFT MT4 EA 검토.
+++ BEST FOREX EA 'S | 전문 고문 | FX ROBOTS 권장 사항 : +++
iProfit HFT MT4 EA.
가격 : $ 60 / 월 또는 $ 120 / 분기 별 또는 $ 360 / 년 (라이센스 1 개, 무료 업데이트 및 지원)
통화 쌍 : EURUSD, AUDUSD, EURJPY 및 GBPUSD.
데모 계정 테스트 결과 :
iProfit HFT MT4 EA 검토 & # 8211; 최고의 고주파 상인 전문가 고문.
iProfit HFT MT4 EA는 Metatrader 4 (MT4)의 자동 거래를 위해 설계된 탁월한 Forex Expert Advisor입니다. 그것은 소매업 Forex 상인을 위해 고주파 거래를 실용적이고 수익성있게 만듭니다. 이 전략은 매우 견고하며 여러 통화 쌍을 거래하는 데 사용할 수 있습니다.
EURUSD, AUDUSD, USDCHF, EURJPY 및 GBPUSD 통화 쌍 거래를 권장합니다.
iProfit HFT MT4 EA 전략은 높은 상관 관계를 갖는 거래 쌍을 동시에, 바람직하게는 낮은 / 중간 / 음의 상관 관계를 갖는 쌍을 기반으로합니다. 트레이드 엔트리에는 단일 전략이 사용됩니다.
iProfit HFT MT4 EA는 다음 H1 바 높음 / 낮음 값을 예측하는 간단한 빠른 학습 신경망 모듈로 구동됩니다. 예측은 지난 48 시간 H1 막대에만 기반을두고 정적 사전 저장된 NN 학습 파일을 포함하지 않습니다.
iProfit HFT MT4 EA & # 8211; 뭘 기대 할까?
iProfit HFT MT4 EA는 탁월한 성공률 및 리스크 : 보상 비율을 가진 매우 활동적인 Forex 로봇입니다. 이 고유 한 전문 고문은 훌륭한 무역 및 자금 관리 기능을 내장하고 있습니다. 거래자는 한 달에 70 ~ 120 건의 거래를 기대할 수 있으며 매월 약 200 건의 평균 거래가 이루어집니다. 무역 거래는 상한 및 하한에서 이루어집니다.
이 시스템의 평균 이득 크기는 65 %이며 성공률은 18 pips이며 평균 손실 크기는 25 pips입니다. 모든 거래 쌍에서 가능한 최저 스프레드를 가진 브로커 계정을 사용하는 것이 좋습니다. Live Performance 테스트에 따르면 Sensus Capital, AXI Trader, IC Markets 및 Excel Markets과 같은 브로커에서 EA의 실적이 더 우수합니다.
Sensro Capital의 "c"피드는 데이터 피드 및 실행이 iProfit HFT EA와의 거래에 탁월한 것으로 보여 지므로 권장합니다.
iProfit HFT EA & # 8211; 상세한 무역 전략.
iProfit HFT EA는 대부분의 시장 조건에서 이익을 얻도록 설계된 거래 시스템입니다. 이 전략은 전문적인 상인이 설계하고 따라 왔습니다. PhiBase Technologies는이 전략을 빠른 학습 신경 네트워크로 구현했습니다. 이전 4 시간에서 48 시간 사이에 보인 가장 큰 가격 변동에 동적 적응이 포함되기 때문입니다. 이 전략은 또한 많은 과학자들에 의해 정확한 과학이 아닌 이전의 데이터에 근거한 의사 결정을 포함합니다.
iProfit NN 모델에는 하드 세트 규칙, 표시기 또는 하드 세트 공식이 포함되어 있지 않습니다. iProfit HFT MT4 EA는 H1 바에서 볼 수있는 정상 가격 움직임을 거래하려고 시도합니다. & # 8211; NN 모델은 새 H1 막대의 상한 / 하한 가격 만 예측합니다. 예측은 65 % 이상의 합리적인 정확도 +/- 5 pips를 갖는 재귀 적 학습 알고리즘을 기반으로합니다. 이것은 전략의 중요한 부분이지만, 핵심은 하루 상인의 마음을 모방 한 의사 결정 모델입니다.
높음 / 낮음이 각 막대에 대해 사용 가능하지만 구매 / 판매 / 무시 결정은 가격 조치 및 성공 확률을 기반으로 결정됩니다. 다중 이동 평균 교차, 지지 / 저항 및 스토캐스틱은 현재 시장 상황을 나타 내기 위해 사용됩니다. 이동 평균 기간은 전략 요구 사항을 충족시키기 위해 4에서 20 사이에서 동적으로 조정됩니다. 전략은 진입 / 퇴출에 대한 이해를 돕기 위해 다음 다이어그램에 플로 차트로 표시되어 있습니다.
iProfit HFT EA & # 8211; 최상의 설정 및 기타.
iProfit HFT MT4 EA는 매우 단기간 전략이지만 H1 시간대 (매 틱마다)로 거래됩니다. 이것은 scalper로 분류 될 필요가 없습니다. 시스템은 평균 이득 크기 65 %의 성공률을 보입니다. 21 pip와 평균 손실 크기는 31 pips입니다. 모든 거래 쌍에서 가능한 최저 스프레드를 가진 브로커 계정을 사용하는 것이 좋습니다. iProfit 전략은 시장을 현명하게 만드는 것이 아닙니다. EA 트레이딩 스타일은 손실을 낮게 유지하면서 작은 이익을 창출합니다. 거래량은 점차 순이익에 합산됩니다. iProfit은 매월 이득을 지속적으로 가져 오는 것을 목표로하지만, 과거에는 월을 잃어 버렸고 앞으로도 기대해야합니다.
일반적인 거래가있는 차트가 아래에 나와 있습니다. EA HUD (차트 메시지)는 EA의 관점에서 현재 가격 행동 상태를 나타냅니다. Bullish / Bearish 조건이있는 경우 사전 무역 진입 알림 및 진입 가격이 표시됩니다. 진입 가격은 Ask 및 Bid의 평균으로 계산되는 방아쇠 가격에 의해 독립적으로 분산됩니다. 이는 서로 다른 스프레드를 가진 계정 간의 거래 차이를 줄입니다.
그러나 무역 유발 요인은 가격이 출입국 가격에 닿거나 교차 할 경우에만 발생합니다. 약 1 pip 정도의 브로커 피드 차이가 일반적이며 이로 인해 입력 시간 차이가 발생하거나 경우에 따라 입력 할 수 없습니다. iProfit은 빈번한 상인이고 평균 약 100 개의 거래입니다. 계정 간의 거래 차이 (있을 경우)는 단기간 내에 원활하게 처리됩니다.
iProfit HFT MT4 EA는 가입 라이센스로 취득 할 수 있습니다. 월별, 분기 별 또는 연간 옵션 중에서 자유롭게 선택할 수 있습니다. 모든 라이센스는 4 개의 계정 (실제 / 데모)에 유효합니다. 또한 권장 브로커와 함께 iProfit IB 프로그램에 참여할 수있는 옵션도 있습니다.

HFT EA (LIQUIDEX_V1) - MetaTrader 4 전문가.
Liquidex_V1은 초 단위로 거래되는 First HFT EA 중 하나이며 나노 초까지 공개됩니다. 그것은 교육 목적을 위해 만들어진 것입니다. 그것은 간단한 이동 평균과 범위를 사용하여 거래를하고 트레일 스톱을 사용하여 거래를 종료합니다.
우리는 실제 자산에 거래 될 경우 발생하는 손실에 대해 어떠한 책임도지지 않습니다.
스프레드가 낮은 DMA 계정의 가장 좋은 거래입니다.
높은 시장 변동성이있을 때 잘 수행됩니다.
M1에서 완벽하게 거래됩니다.
공부하면 잘 수행되고 많은 아이디어가 더 잘 만들어집니다. 행복한 코딩 및 모든 테스트 :)

고주파 거래 외환 거래소
고주파 거래 : 알고리즘 전략 및 거래 시스템에 대한 실용 가이드.
저자. 날짜 : 26 3 월 2010, 조회 수 :
Irene Aldridge, "고주파 거래 : 알고리즘 전략 및 거래 시스템에 대한 실질적인 가이드;
와일리 | 2009 년 | ISBN : 0470563761 | 339 쪽 | 파일 형식 : PDF | 2,2 메가 바이트.
고주파 거래와 체계적인 거래 전반에 관한 모든 것을 다루는 실용 가이드입니다. 나는이 책을 매우 추천한다. Igor Tulchinsky, WorldQuant, LLC의 CEO.
전통적인 기본 및 기술적 분석가를 위해 Irene Aldridge의 책은 양자 물리학의 첫 번째 읽기가 눈을 뜨고 도전하고 깨우치는 전통적인 Newtonian 물리학 자에게 미치는 영향을 보여줍니다. Neal M. Epstein, CFA, 전무 이사, 연구 제품 관리, Proctor Investment Managers LLC
실무자를 위해, 이 책은 사람들이 고주파 거래를 원한다면 사람들이 생각해야 할 많은 주제를 다룹니다. 방대한 문학 전반에 걸친 많은 결과를 쉬운 방법과 속도로 보여 주며 많은 필수 아이디어와 수식을 증식시킵니다. 이러한 모든 결과를 한 곳에서 얻을 수있는 편리함 외에도 고주파 알파를 연구 할 때 향후 방향에 대한 많은 힌트가 있습니다. Addison D. Tsai, SDS Capital Group 관리 파트너.
Irene의 신간 서적은 그것이 성취하고자하는 것을 정확히 전달합니다. 거래가 자동화되는 이유와 거래자가이 환경에서 운영되는 방식을 이해하고자하는 상인 및 투자자에게 고주파 거래의 장을 엽니 다. 이 책은 거래 전략을 수립하는 방법을 설명함으로써 학술 연구를 유용하게 만듭니다.
이것은 처음부터 거래를 구축하는 방법을 상인에게 보여주는 유일한 책입니다. 고주파 영역에서 거래 전략에서 리스크 관리에 이르기까지 내가 이해해야하는 주제를 설명합니다. 이것은 고주파가 의미하는 것을 정의하는 유일한 자료이기도합니다.
FinAlternatives의 헤지 펀드 매니저에 대한 실제 설문 조사를 기반으로 거래 (학계에만 의존하기보다는).
통계 및 계측 기술의 개요는 고주파 환경에서 성능을 측정하는 방법에 대한 세부 사항을 설명하는 데 매우 유용합니다. Sharpe 비율과 위험 관리에 대해 밤새 자리를 지키지 않는 것이 중요합니다.
상인은 이해할 수 있습니다.
고주파 모델을 설명하는 장은 훌륭합니다. 이것은 많은 일반적인 거래 전략을 이끌어내는 연구에 대한 통찰력을 제공합니다. 고주파 거래의 언론 보도는 플래시 주문과 공동 위치에 초점을 맞추고 있지만, 이 책에서는 고주파 거래에 대한 접근 방식을 폭넓게 설문하고 있습니다. 이 책을 읽은 후에 나는 알파를 사냥 할 수있는 다양한 방법을 이해합니다.
이 책은 투자 은행의 리스크 관리 인프라의 혜택을받지 못하는 개인 투자자에게 거래 운영을위한 귀중한 가이드를 제공합니다. 고주파 거래를 개발하려는 많은 노력은 코딩 전문 지식을 필요로하며 Irene은이를 설명하기 위해 먼 길을 간다. 이 책이 없으면 투자자는 고주파 거래에 고유 한 위험 및 이러한 위험을 관리하는 데 사용되는 기술에 대해 전혀 알지 못합니다.
나는이 책을 당신에게 권합니다. Steven F. Krawciw, 개인 은행, Credit Suisse.
"고주파 거래 : 알고리즘 전략 및 거래 시스템에 대한 실용 가이드"; 고속 거래가 어떻게 작동하는지 그리고 그 기반이되는 수학에 대한 냉담한 학술 논문입니다. 실수하지 마십시오. 이 책의 대부분과 고주파 거래의 본질은 수학에 관한 것입니다. 식당 수표에 대한 팁을 알아낼 수 없다면 이것은 책이나 분야가 아닙니다. 증권 업계 뉴스 증권 업계 뉴스, 2009 년 12 월 21 일.
etf 회전에 대한 진실.
ETF Rotation Books에 대한 나의 진실을 연구하기 위해 전략을 다시 테스트하기 위해 포트폴리오 시뮬레이터를 작성해야한다는 것을 알았습니다. 이것은 나의 첫 번째 선택이 아니었지만 상업적으로 유용한 백 테스팅 도구를 사용하려고 시도했지만, 필요한 모든 것을 제대로 수행하지 못했습니다.
이 책을 쓰고 난 후, 충분한 투자자들이 백 테스트 도구를 사용할 수있게하기 위해 ETF 순환 전략에 대한 다양한 조정에 대해 질문했습니다. 다양한 로테이션 전략과 포트폴리오를 탐색하는 데 관심이있는 분은이 점을 적극 활용하십시오!
내 포트폴리오 로터리 시뮬레이터를 사용하면 ETF, 뮤추얼 펀드 또는 주식 여부와 상관없이 특정 시세표 목록을 사용할 수 있습니다. 동일한 수의 상위 N 개 시세를 사면 N이 몇 개인 지 결정할 수 있습니다. 상위 시세는 지정한 기간 동안 변경 비율 (RoC)을 계산하여 선택합니다. 시뮬레이터는 랭킹의 아래쪽 절반에 떨어질 때까지 홀딩 스틱을 가지고 있으며, 이 시간에 팔리면 이미 소유되지 않은 최상위 티커로 바뀝니다.
이 시뮬레이터는 가상 계좌 에퀴티를 추적하고 실행이 끝나면 포괄적 인 통계를보고합니다.
이 시뮬레이터에는 Windows에서 실행되는 Microsoft® Excel® 2010 또는 Excel 2007이 필요합니다. 그것은 다른 어떤 것에 대해서도 테스트되지 않았습니다. 고객은 Mac 또는 Open Office에서 실행되지 않는다고보고합니다. & # 8212; 죄송합니다!
Excel은 포함되어 있지 않습니다. 가격 데이터는 포함되어 있지 않습니다. 소스 코드가 포함되어 있지 않습니다.
제품에 의해 수행 된 포트폴리오 시뮬레이션은 백 테스팅의 한 형태입니다. 백 테스트는 현실이 아니며이 시뮬레이터와 실시간 거래 간에는 상당한 차이가있을 수 있습니다. 예를 들어, 유동성과 미끄러짐은 고려되지 않습니다. 시뮬레이터는 모든 거래가 최종 일일 가격으로 실행된다고 가정합니다. 실제로 주문을하기에는 너무 늦은 후에야 말일까지의 가격을 알 수 없습니다.
또한 과거 성과는 향후 결과를 보장하지 않습니다. 여기서 잘 보이는 시스템을 시험해보고 앞으로 큰 손실을 볼 수 있습니다.
이 제품은 교육 목적으로 만 제공됩니다. 투자하거나 거래하는 것은 권장 사항이 아닙니다. 자신을 위해 무엇이 가장 적합한 지 결정해야합니다.
무역 전략 상품.
추가 자료 및 읽기.
상품 HQ 무역 센터 우리의 자유 무역 센터는 여러분이 선호하는 상품 선물과 거래소 제품에 대한 세부 정보를 제공합니다.
상품 HQ 히트 맵 도구 무료 도구를 통해 투자자는 자신이 좋아하는 상품의 과거 실적을 쉽게 비교할 수 있습니다.
COMEX 실버 페이지 COMEX에 은색 홈 페이지.
LME Silver Page - LME의 실버 홈 페이지.
MCX Silver Page †"MCX의 실버 홈 페이지.
Don†™ t는 우리의 자유로운 매일 필수품 투자 회보를 구독하고 Twitter CommodityHQ에 저희를 따르 십시요 것을 잊으 십시요.
공개 : 서면의 입장이 없음.
상품 - 무역 및 투자 전략.
이 과정은 전술적 및 시장 기회 기반의 거래를 살펴 보는 것으로 시작하여 광범위한 상품 지수에 대한 장기 배분을 살펴 봅니다. 교환 거래, 자본 보호 및 수익률 강화 된 구조화 상품에 대한 심층적 인 검토는 프로그램을 완료합니다. 참가자들이 사용하는 다양한 동기와 전략도 고려됩니다.
코스에 참석하면 도움이 될 것입니다.
다양한 상품 거래 및 투자 관점에 대해 알아보십시오.
장기간의 매매 전략에 대한 이해.
상품 전략을 실행하기위한 실질적인 지식을 습득하십시오.
누가 참석해야합니까?
이 코스는 상품 거래 및 투자 전략에 대해 더 알고 싶어하는 재무의 기본 개념을 이해하고있는 누구에게나 적합합니다. 상품에 배경이 거의 없거나 전혀없는 사람들을 위해, “Commodities - Introduction” 코스를 먼저 택하는 것이 좋습니다. 이것은 공식적인 사전 요구 사항은 아니지만 프로그램 내용을 가장 잘 이해하려면 필수 시장에 대한 기본 지식이 필요합니다.
Neil은 University of Reading의 방문 교수이며 프리랜서 교육 컨설턴트입니다. 2001 년부터 2008 년까지 런던의 Barclays Capital에서 금융 시장을 총괄했습니다. 그는 다양한 고객층을 대상으로 다양한 다양한 자산 클래스의 많은 세미나를 디자인하고 제공하는 업무를 담당했습니다. 그 이전에는 런던에서 Chisholm Roth의 이사로 일했으며 Chase Manhattan Bank와 Security Pacific Hoare Govett (현재 Bank of America로 거래)에서 직책을 맡았습니다. Neil은 금융 시장에서 20 년 이상의 경험을 쌓았습니다. 2008 년에 그는 자신의 첫 번째 저서 인 '상품 파생 상품'과 그의 두 번째 텍스트 인 '채권, 인플레이션 및 신용 시장 거래'를 2011 년에 출판했습니다. 그는 현재 인플레이션에 관한 책과 주식 파생 상품에 관한 책을 공동 저술하고 있습니다 .
코스 내용은 여러 개의 주제 영역으로 나누어지며, 여러 주제 영역으로 나뉩니다.
1. 전술 시장 기회 기반 거래.
기본 금속 시장에서 인기있는 전략.
NYMEX WTI 대 얼음 Brent.
에너지 대 정제 된 제품의 확산.
'어둠'과 '불꽃'이 퍼집니다.
2. 광범위한 상품 지수에 대한 장기 배분.
상품에 투자하는 이유.
주요 색인 필수품.
지표에서의 주요 수익원 (롤 생산량)
최근 지수 투자 구조.
3. 교환 상품 거래.
교환 된 자금.
교환 상품 거래.
교환 된 거래 노트.
4. 자본 보호 수율 강화 된 구조화 된 제품.
최고 / 최악의 구조.
다음 세미나의 세부 사항.
23 College Hill.
런던 EC4R 2RP.
비용은 ICMA 회원에게는 625.00이며 비회원에게는 825.00입니다.
코스 비용에는 모든 점심, 커피 브레이크 및 교육 자료가 포함됩니다.
지불은 안전한 온라인 신용 카드 또는 인보이스로 할 수 있습니다. 인보이스 방법을 선택하면 수업료에 50 (관리비)가 추가됩니다. 동일한 회사의 여러 후보자가 하나의 인보이스를 요청할 수 있으므로 전반적인 관리 비용이 절감됩니다.
교실 기반 과정 등록은 동일 회사 내의 다른 사람에게 양도 가능합니다.
모든 교실 기반 코스는 다음과 같은 취소 수수료가 부과됩니다 :
1-7 일 (총 수업료의 50 %).
코스 시작 날짜 또는 그 이후 : 환불되지 않습니다.
환불은 관련 과정이 끝나고 이미 제공된 과정 자료를 반환 한 후에 만 ​​처리됩니다. 그러한 자료는 손상되지 않은 상태로 귀하 자신의 비용으로 반환해야합니다.
온라인 과정 등록은 양도 할 수 없으며 환불되지 않습니다.
이 과정은 비 주거 학습 프로그램이기 때문에 후보자는 자신의 여행 및 숙박 시설을 조정해야합니다.
과정 자료는 프로그램 시작 전에 전자 형식으로 응시자에게 제공됩니다. 과정 중에 사본을 인쇄하거나 노트북, iPad 또는 태블릿에서 다운로드하여이 문서에 액세스 할 수 있는지 확인하십시오.
교육 과정에 대한 질문이 있으시면 educationicmagroup에 문의하십시오.
온라인 거래를위한 일 무역 대화방.
온라인 트레이딩을위한 데이 트레이딩 대화방.
무역 The Markets 라이브 트레이딩 룸은 전 세계에서 가장 지식이 풍부하고 지능적이며 친절한 상인들로 구성된 매우 활발한 트레이딩 싱크 탱크입니다. 트레이딩은 우리가 매우 진지하게 받아들이는 직업이며 따라서 트레이더들에게 최고 수준의 교육을 제공하기 위해 노력합니다.
우리 룸 멤버는 잘 모색 된 전문 트레이더 인 롭 호프만 (Rob Hoffman)이 자신의 거래를 시장에서 살아 가기 위해 따라갈 수 있습니다. 우리는 Rob이 끊임없이 우리 상인들로부터 최고의 칭찬을받으며 교실에서 매일 학생들에게 탁월한 수준의 교육과 교역을 제공한다는 것을 자랑스럽게 생각합니다.
그 이유는 간단합니다. Rob은 진짜 상인이고 실제 라이브 계좌, 데모 또는 가상 거래 만 거래합니다. 대화를 나누는 상인이되기 위해 개인을 설득하는 많은 "전문가"대화방과는 달리, 우리의 생방 무역 실은 고도의 교육을받으며 학생들이 더 높은 확률의 거래를 스스로 할 수있는 힘을 키울 수 있도록 설계되었습니다. 이것은 책을 읽거나 신비한 신호를 읽는 것보다 살아있는 것을 보면서 가장 잘 배우는 상인에게 적합합니다!
In the Live Trading Room에서 무엇을 얻을 수 있습니까?
Rob Hoffman의 가상 어깨를보고 자신의 라이브 차트와 데이터 피드를 확인하십시오.
학생들은 무역 처형 전, 도중, 후에 사연과 생각을들을 수 있습니다.
Rob의 설정을보고 REAL 계정으로 실시간 거래를 실행하십시오.
특정 설정, 지표 및 거래 아이디어에 대한 추가 통찰력 및 설명을 얻기 위해 당일 질문하십시오.
스캘핑, 데이 트레이딩, 스윙 트레이딩, 장기 투자와 같은 다양한 거래 유형에 Rob의 기술을 적용하십시오.
엔트리 포인트를 파악하고 논의하고, 손실 *, 거래 규모 및 각 거래의 이익 목표를 중지하십시오.
TradeTheMarkets 라이브 트레이딩 룸은 좌절 된 초심자와 노련한 상인의 필요를 모두 충족시키기 위해 만들어졌습니다.
다음 중 하나 이상의 경험이 있습니까?
거래 계정이 끊어 지거나 상당한 손실을 입었습니까?
트레이딩 룸에서 무역 호출이 어떻게 이루어지는 지 이해가 부족합니까?
무역에 개입 할 수 없다는 좌절?
당신은 당신의 거래 계획을 고수하지 말고 스스로 말합니까?
가장 높은 확률 설정을 찾는 데 어려움이 있습니까?
당신이 해야할지 모를 때 방아쇠를 당기는 것이 힘들지 않습니까?
구입했거나 임대 한 독점 소프트웨어를 이해하기가 어렵습니까?
Rob Hoffman은 실시간 거래 환경에서 안내, 교육 및 훈련을 원하는 방 참가자를 지원합니다. 높은 확률의 거래 설정을 확인하고 설명하는 것 외에도 Rob은 무역 및 자금 관리 아이디어뿐만 아니라 잠재적 진입 및 퇴출 전략을 제공합니다.
Trade The Markets Live Trading Room의 목표는 학생들이 고 확률, 보수적, 적극적 거래를 일관되게 실행하는 데 필요한 도구와 기술을 습득하는 것입니다. Rob의 방법론과 거래에 대한 체계적인 접근 방식을 관찰함으로써 학생들은 이러한 목표를 달성하는 데 도움이되는 도구를 제공받을 수 있습니다.
이 방은 월요일부터 금요일까지 오전 8시 15 분에서 오후 12 시까 지 공식 개방됩니다.
나는 더 많은 정보를 원한다.
진입 전략 정의.
진입 전략 정의.
장황한 거래의 경우, 입력은 주식을 사는 것을 의미합니다. 짧은 거래의 경우, 입력은 주식을 판매하는 것을 의미합니다.
진입 전략을 사용하면 상인은 순간의 열기에 사로 잡히지 않고 멋진 머리를 계획 할 수 있습니다. 진입 전략을 다시 테스트하면 계획에 대한 통찰력과 확신이 생깁니다.
진입 전략의 주요 목표는 수익성 높은 거래로 전환하는 것입니다. 플립 측면에서, 그것은 잃어버린 거래에서 빠져 나가는 것도 유용합니다.
(Backtesting Blog는 Amazon Associate입니다.)
Forex는 위젯을 평가합니다.
Forex 비율 위젯.
실시간 통화 거래율.
고위험 투자 경고 : 외환 거래 및 / 또는 마진 차이 계약은 높은 위험도를 지니 며 모든 투자자에게 적합하지 않을 수 있습니다. 퇴직금을 초과하여 손실을 견딜 수있는 가능성이 존재하므로 잃을 수없는 자본으로 추측해서는 안됩니다. FXCM이 제공하는 제품을 거래하기로 결정하기 전에 목표, 재무 상황, 요구 사항 및 경험 수준을 신중하게 고려해야합니다. 마진 거래와 관련된 모든 위험을 인식하고 있어야합니다. FXCM은 귀하의 목적, 재정적 상황 또는 필요 사항을 고려하지 않는 일반적인 조언을 제공합니다. 이 웹 사이트의 내용은 개인적인 조언으로 해석되어서는 안됩니다. FXCM은 별도 ​​재무 고문으로부터 조언을 구하는 것이 좋습니다.
전체 위험 경고를 읽으려면 여기를 클릭하십시오.
FXCM은 상품 선물 거래위원회에 등록 된 Futures Commission Merchant 및 Retail Foreign Exchange Dealer이며 National Futures Association의 회원입니다. NFA # 0308179. FXCM은 임시로 스왑 딜러로 ​​CFTC에 등록됩니다.
뉴욕 증권 거래소 (NYSE : FXCM) 상장 기업인 FXCM은 지주 회사이며 유일한 자산은 FXCM Holdings, LLC의 지배 지분이다. Forex Capital Markets, LLC (이하 "FXCM LLC")는 FXCM Holdings, LLC의 직접 운영 자회사입니다. 이 사이트의 "FXCM"에 대한 모든 언급은 FXCM Holdings, LLC 및 Forex Capital Markets, LLC를 포함한 FXCM Inc. 및 그 자회사를 의미합니다.
이 웹 사이트의 정보는 소매 고객을위한 것이며, 여기에있는 특정 표현은 상품 거래법 (1) (a) (12)에 정의 된 적격 계약 참가자 (즉, 기관 고객)에게는 적용되지 않을 수 있음을 유의하십시오.
&부; 2015 년 외환 자본 시장. 판권 소유.
55 Water St. 50th Floor, New York, NY 10041 USA.
115 # heiken ashi 기술 - 외환 전략 - 외환 자원 - 외환 거래 무료 외환 거래 s.
115 # Heiken Ashi Technique.
언뜻보기에 그림 1에서는 전통적인 차트와 비교하여 헤이 킹 - 아시 차트가 더욱 컴팩트하고 부드럽게 보입니다. 흰색 촛불 상승 추세를 표시합니다. 검은 초는 하락 추세를 나타냅니다.
틈새. 전통적인 OHLC 차트에서 자주 발생하는 수정 된 촛불에 포함되기 때문에 존재하지 않습니다. 강한 긍정적 인 추세는 낮은 그림자가없는 긴 흰색 몸체를 가지고 강한 음의 경향은 어두운 그림자가없는 긴 검은 색 몸체를 가지고 있습니다. 몸이 짧아지면 약한 경향이 예상됩니다 (10 월 중순과 12 월 말 참조).
내림차순과 오름차순으로 구분할 수있는 다양한 색상. 각 차트에 대해이 기술을 사용하여 추세의 오른쪽에 머물거나 머물러있게하거나 통합 기간 동안 거래를 피하는 방법에 대해 설명하겠습니다. Standard Poor 's 500 (SP500-HA) :
사전 진료 계획.
호주 보건 안전 위생위원회 (Australian Commission on Health Care) - 호주 보건 안전 위생위원회 (ACSQHC)는 호주 전역의 보건 의료의 안전과 질에 대한 국가 개선을 주도하고 조정합니다. 표준 1.18과 9.8은 사전 진료 계획을 말합니다.
암 협의회 (Cancer Council) - 소원 문서화를위한 사전 진료 계획 사실 자료 및 템플릿을 포함합니다.
eHealth - EHealth 기록의 보건 전문가를위한 정보.
'In the End'DVD - 구매를위한 다큐멘터리 스타일의 비디오를 사용합니다.
Public Advocate의 사무실 - 대리인 결정권자 및 의사 결정을 임명하는 것에 관한 영국 법률 정보 및 지침.
거북이 거래.
2009 년 1 월 10 일 토요일.
원래 거북 무역 규칙 : 제 7 장 : 전술.
Turtle System Rules 거래에 대한 기타 지침.
유명한 건축가 미스 반 데 로헤 (Mies van der Rohe)는 디자인에 대한 자제에 대해 말하면서 한 번 말했습니다. 이는 거래 시스템에서도 마찬가지입니다.
거북 무역 규칙을 사용할 때 거래의 수익성에 중요한 차이를 만들 수있는 몇 가지 중요한 세부 사항이 남아 있습니다.
이전에 언급했듯이 리차드 데니스 (Richard Dennis)와 윌리엄 에크하르트 (William Eckhardt)는 거북이에게 명령을 내릴 때는 멈추지 말 것을 충고했다. 우리는 가격이 우리의 정지 가격을 때 시장을보고 명령을 입력하는 것이 좋습니다.
우리는 또한 일반적으로 시장 주문 대신에 제한 주문을하는 것이 더 낫다고 말했습니다. 이는 한계 주문이 시장 주문보다 채우기가 좋고 미끄러짐이 적기 때문입니다.
모든 시장에는 항상 입찰가와 물음표가 있습니다. 입찰가는 구매자가 기꺼이 살 수있는 가격이며, 판매자가 판매 할 의사가있는 가격입니다. 매매가가 매매가보다 높을 경우 거래가 발생합니다. 시장 질서는 항상 입찰가를 채우거나 충분한 양이있을 때, 때로는 더 큰 주문에 대해 더 나쁜 가격으로 물을 것입니다.
일반적으로 상대적으로 임의의 가격 변동이 발생하며, 때때로 바운스 (bounce)라고도합니다. 제한 주문을 사용하는 배후의 아이디어는 단순히 시장 주문을하는 대신 바운스 하단에 주문하는 것입니다. 제한 주문은 소규모 주문 인 경우 시장을 이전하지 않으며 더 큰 주문 인 경우 거의 항상 덜 이동합니다.
제한 주문에 가장 적합한 가격을 결정할 수있는 기술이 필요하지만 실습을 통해 시장 주문보다 시장 근처에 배치 된 제한 주문을 사용하여 더 나은 채움을 얻을 수 있어야합니다.
때로는 주문 가격을 통해 시장이 매우 빠르게 움직이며 제한된 주문을하면 간단히 채워지지 않습니다. 빠른 시장 상황에서 시장은 단 몇 분 만에 계약 당 수천 달러를 이전 할 수 있습니다.
이 기간 동안 거북들은 당황하지 말고 주문을하기 전에 시장이 거래되고 안정 될 때까지 기다리는 것이 좋습니다.
대부분의 시작 거래자들은 이것을하기가 어렵다고 생각합니다. 그들은 공포에 질려 시장 주문을합니다. 변함없이 가능한 한 최악의 시간에이 작업을 수행하며 최악의 가격으로 하루의 최고 또는 최저 거래를 자주합니다.
빠른 시장에서는 유동성이 일시적으로 마릅니다. 급상승하는 시장의 경우, 판매자는 더 높은 가격으로 판매를 중단하고 보류하며, 가격 상승이 멈출 때까지 판매를 재개하지 않습니다. 이 시나리오에서는 질문이 상당히 많이 발생하고 입찰가와 물음 사이의 스프레드가 확대됩니다.
구매자는 판매자가 요청을 계속 올리면 훨씬 더 높은 가격을 지불해야하며 결국 가격이 너무 빨리 올라가고 새 판매자가 시장에 와서 가격이 안정되고 종종 반대로 다시 뒤돌아 붕괴됩니다.
빠른 시장에 진출한 시장 주문은 일반적으로 새로운 판매자가 들어올 때 시장이 안정화되기 시작한 바로 그 시점에서 가장 높은 가격으로 채워지게됩니다.
거북이로서 우리는 주문을하기 전에 적어도 일시적인 가격 반전의 징후가 나타날 때까지 기다렸는데, 이는 종종 시장 질서를 통해 달성되었을 것보다 훨씬 더 좋은 결과를 가져 왔습니다. 시장이 우리의 중지 가격을 초과 한 시점에서 안정화 되었다면 시장에서 빠져 나올 것이지만 당황하지 않고 그렇게 할 것입니다.
동시 진입 신호.
많은 거래자들은 시장의 움직임이 거의 없었으며 기존 위치를 모니터하는 것 외에는 할 일이 거의 없었습니다. 한 번 주문하지 않고 며칠 동안 갈 수도 있습니다. 다른 날은 적당히 바빠서 신호는 몇 시간 동안 간헐적으로 발생합니다. 이 경우 시장에 대한 포지션 한도에 도달 할 때까지 우리는 단순히 거래를 수행하게됩니다.
그때 모든 것이 한 번에 일어나고있는 것처럼 보였던 날이있었습니다. 우리는 하루도 이틀이 지나도 아무 위치에서나 짐을 실을 것입니다. 종종 이러한 광적인 속도는 상호 연관된 시장에서 여러 신호에 의해 강화되었습니다.
이것은 시장이 진입 신호를 통해 열렸을 때 특히 그러했습니다. 같은 날에 원유, 난방유 및 무연 가스에 틈새 입구 신호가있을 수 있습니다. 선물 계약을 통해 동일한 시장의 여러 달 동안 동시에 신호를 보내는 것이 매우 일반적이었습니다.
강도 구매 약점을 판매하십시오.
신호가 한 번에 온다면 우리는 항상 가장 강한 시장을 매수하고 한 그룹 내 가장 약한 시장을 매도했습니다.
동시에 단일 시장에 하나의 유닛 만 입력 할 수 있습니다. 예를 들어, 2 월, 3 월 및 4 월 난방용 오일을 동시에 구매하는 대신, 우리는 가장 강했던 한 계약 월을 선택할 것이고, 이는 충분한 양과 유동성을 갖습니다.
이건 매우 중요합니다! 상관 관계가있는 그룹 내에서 가장 긴 포지션은 가장 강한 시장 (같은 그룹의 약한 시장보다 거의 항상 우위에 있음)입니다. 반대로, 짧은 쪽을 향한 가장 큰 승리의 거래는 상호 연관된 그룹 내의 가장 약한 시장에서 나옵니다.
거북이로서, 우리는 강도와 약점을 결정하기 위해 다양한 조치를 사용했습니다. 가장 단순하고 가장 보편적 인 방법은 단순히 차트를보고 시각적 인 검사로 어느 것이 더 강하게 (또는 약하게) 보였는지 파악하는 것이 었습니다.
어떤 사람들은 탈주 가래로 가격이 얼마나 많이 올랐는지를 결정할 것이고, (N의 관점에서) 가장 많이 움직인 시장을 사게 될 것이다.
다른 사람들은 3 개월 전에 현재 가격에서 가격을 뺀 다음 현재 N으로 나누어 시장을 정상화합니다. 가장 강한 시장은 가장 높은 가치를 가졌습니다. 가장 약한 시장이 가장 낮다.
이러한 접근법 중 어느 것도 잘 작동합니다. 가장 중요한 것은 약한 시장에서 가장 강한 시장과 짧은 포지 션에서 장기 포지션을 갖는 것입니다.
만료 계약 롤링.
선물 계약이 만료되면 새로운 계약으로 넘어 가기 전에 고려해야 할 두 가지 중요한 요소가 있습니다.
첫째, 가까운 달이 잘 추세가되는 경우가 많지만 먼 계약은 동일한 수준의 가격 변동을 보이지 않습니다. 가격 협상이 기존의 입장을 취하지 않는다면 새로운 계약을 시작하지 마십시오.
둘째, 만료되는 계약의 볼륨과 미결제가 너무 많이 줄어들 기 전에 계약을 굴려야합니다. 얼마나 많은가는 단위 크기에 따라 다릅니다. 일반적으로, (현재 보유하고있는) 가까운 달이 더 먼 계약 달보다 더 잘 수행하지 않는 한, 거북은 만료되기 몇 주 전에 기존 계약을 새로운 계약 월으로 변경했습니다.
이것으로 Complete Turtle Trading System 규칙을 마칩니다. 당신이 생각하고있는 것처럼 그들은 그리 복잡하지 않습니다.
그러나 이러한 규칙을 아는 것은 당신을 부자로 만드는 것만으로는 충분하지 않습니다. 그들을 따라갈 수 있어야합니다.
리차드 데니스 (Richard Dennis)가 말한 것을 기억하십시오 : 나는 항상 당신이 신문에 내 거래 규칙을 게시 할 수 있다고 말합니다. 핵심은 일관성과 규율입니다. 거의 모든 사람들이 우리가 사람들에게 가르친 것만큼이나 좋은 80 %의 규칙 목록을 작성할 수 있습니다. 그들이 할 수 없었던 일은 상황이 나빠지더라도 그 규칙을 고수 할 자신감을주는 것입니다. Market Wizards에서 Jack D. Schwager.
아마도 이것이 사실이라는 최고의 증거는 거북 자체의 성능입니다. 많은 사람들이 돈을 벌지 못했습니다. This was not because the rules didnt work; it was because they could not and did not follow the rules. By virtue of this same fact, few who read this document will be successful trading the Turtle Trading Rules. Again; this is not because the rules dont work. It is because the reader simply wont have the confidence to follow them.
The Turtle rules are very difficult to follow because they depend on capturing relatively infrequent large trends. As a result, many months can pass between winning periods; at times even a year or two. During these periods it is easy to come up with reasons to doubt the system, and to stop following the rules:
What if the rules dont work anymore? What if the markets have changed?
What if there is something important missing from the rules?
How can I be really sure that this works?
The Sheps Trading Rule - You can break the rules and get awaywith it. Eventually, the rules break you for not respecting them. From Zen in the Markets, by Edward A. Toppel.
One member of the first Turtles class, who was fired from the program before the end of the first year, suspected early on that information had been intentionally withheld from the group, and eventually became convinced that there were hidden secrets which Rich would not reveal. This particular trader could not face up to the simple fact that his poor performance was due to his own doubts and insecurities, which resulted in his inability to follow the rules.
Another problem is the tendency to want to change the rules. Many of the Turtles, in an effort to reduce the risk of trading the system, changed the rules in subtle ways which sometimes had the opposite of the desired effect.
An example: Failing to enter positions as quickly as the rules specify (1 unit every ½ N). While this may seem like a more conservative approach, the reality could be that, for the type of entry system the Turtles used, adding to positions slowly might increase the chance that a retracement would hit the exit stops—resulting in losses—whereas a faster approach might allow the position to weather the retracement without the stops being hit. This subtle change could have a major impact on the profitability of the system during certain market conditions.
In order to build the level of confidence you will need to follow a trading systems rules, whether it is the Turtle System, something similar, or a completely different system, it is imperative that you personally conduct research using historical trading data. It is not enough to hear from others that a system works; it is not enough to read the summary results from research conducted by others. You must do it yourself.
Get your hands dirty and get directly involved in the research. Dig into the trades, look at the daily equity logs, get very familiar with the way the system trades, and with the extent and frequency of the losses.
It is much easier to weather an 8 month losing period if you know that there have been many periods of equivalent length in the last 20 years. It will be much easier to add to positions quickly if you know that adding quickly is a key part of the profitability of the system.
Saturday, January 10, 2009.
Original Turtle Trading Rules: Chapter 3: Position Sizing.
The Turtles used a volatility-based constant percentage risk position sizing algorithm.
Position sizing is one of the most important but least understood components of any trading system.
The Turtles used a position sizing algorithm that was very advanced for its day, because it normalized the dollar volatility of a position by adjusting the position size based on the dollar volatility of the market. This meant that a given position would tend to move up or down in a given day about the same amount in dollar terms (when compared to positions in other markets), irrespective of the underlying volatility of the particular market.
This is true because positions in markets that moved up and down a large amount per contract would have an offsetting smaller number of contracts than positions in markets that had lower volatility.
This volatility normalization is very important because it means that different trades in different markets tend to have the same chance for a particular dollar loss or a particular dollar gain. This increased the effectiveness of the diversification of trading across many markets.
Even if the volatility of a given market was lower, any significant trend would result in a sizeable win because the Turtles would have held more contracts of that lower volatility commodity.
Volatility The Meaning of N.
The Turtles used a concept that Richard Dennis and Bill Eckhardt called N to represent the underlying volatility of a particular market.
N is simply the 20-day exponential moving average of the True Range, which is now more commonly known as the ATR. Conceptually, N represents the average range in price movement that a particular market makes in a single day, accounting for opening gaps. N was measured in the same points as the underlying contract.
To compute the daily true range:
True Range = Maximum (H-L, H-PDC, PDC-L)
Saturday, January 10, 2009.
Original Turtle Trading Rules: Chapter 6: Exits.
The Turtles used breakout based exits for profitable positions.
There is another old saying: you can never go broke taking a profit. The Turtles would not agree with this statement. Getting out of winning positions too early, i. 이자형. taking a profit too early, is one of the most common mistakes when trading trend following systems.
Prices never go straight up; therefore it is necessary to let the prices go against you if you are going to ride a trend. Early in a trend this can often mean watching decent profits of 10% to 30% fade to a small loss. In the middle of a trend, it might mean watching a profit of 80% to 100% drop by 30% to 40%. The temptation to lighten the position to lock in profits can be very great.
The Turtles knew that where you took a profit could make the difference between winning and losing.
The Turtle System enters on breakouts. Most breakouts do not result in trends. This means that most of the trades that the Turtles made resulted in losses. If the winning trades did not earn enough on average to offset these losses, the Turtles would have lost money. Every profitable trading system has a different optimal exit point.
Consider the Turtle System; if you exit winning positions at a 1 N profit while you exited losing positions at a 2 N loss you would need twice as many winners to offset the losses from the losing trades.
There is a complex relationship between the components of a trading system. This means that you cant consider the proper exit for a profitable position without considering the entry, money management and other factors.
The proper exit for winning positions is one of the most important aspects of trading, and the least appreciated. Yet it can make the difference between winning and losing.
Tur t l e Ex i t s.
The System 1 exit was a 10 day low for long positions and a 10 day high for short positions. All the Units in the position would be exited if the price went against the position for a 10 day breakout.
The System 2 exit was a 20 day low for long positions and a 20 day high for short positions. All the Units in the position would be exited if the price went against the position for a 20 day breakout.
As with entries, the Turtles did not typically place exit stop orders, but instead watched the price during the day, and started to phone in exit orders as soon as the price traded through the exit breakout price.
These are Difficult Exits.
For most traders, the Turtle System Exits were probably the single most difficult part of the Turtle System Rules. Waiting for a 10 or 20 day new low can often mean watching 20%, 40% even 100% of significant profits evaporate.
There is a very strong tendency to want to exit earlier. It requires great discipline to watch your profits evaporate in order to hold onto your positions for the really big move. The ability to maintain discipline and stick to the rules during large winning trades is the hallmark of the experienced successful trader.
Original Turtle Trading Rules: Foreword.
Free Rules? Are you kidding?
Why are some of the Original Turtles giving away Rules for which.
others have charged thousands of dollars? Are these the actual Original Turtle Trading System rules?
You probably asked yourself the same questions: Why would anyone give away the rules to the original Turtle Trading System? How can I be sure that these are the original Turtle Trading System rules as taught by Richard Dennis and William Eckhardt? The answer to these questions lies in the origin of this project.
The Origin of the Free Rules Project.
This project had its seed in various discussions among a few of the original Turtles, Richard Dennis, and others regarding the sale of the Turtle Trading System rules by a former turtle, and subsequently, on a website by a non-trader. It culminated in this document, which discloses the Original Turtle Trading Rules in their entirety, free of charge.
왜? Because many of us believed that we owed an obligationto Richard Dennis not to reveal the rules, even after our contractual 10 year secrecy pact ended in late 1993. For this reason, we did not look kindly upon the sale of those rules by a former turtle.
Further, we saw the sale on the web site as crass and opportunistic intellectual property theft, an act that, while technically not illegal, was certainly not honorable.
At the same time, having seen others try to follow these rules first-hand, I realized it was unlikely that their publication would result in very many people actually learning to trade like the Turtles. In fact, I knew that most of those who spent thousands to learn these heretofore secret rules would end up disappointed, for three reasons:
& # 8226; The rules wouldnt be clear, since the people selling them didnt know how to trade.
& # 8226; Even if they were clearly presented, the buyers probably wouldnt be able to follow the rules.
& # 8226; Most of the Turtles are now trading even better rules.
The Ugly Truth about the System Sellers.
Ive been trading and hanging around trading circles since high school. One of the sad realities of the trading industry, and the futures trading industry in particular, is that there are far more people making money selling others systems and ways to make money trading, than there are people actually making money trading.
I wont go into specifics here, but those of us who actually trade for a living know the names of many famous traders who are famous as traders, but that dont make money as traders. They make money selling new trading systems, seminars, home study courses, etc. Most of these so called experts cant trade and dont trade the systems that they sell.
Yes, this is also true of those selling the Turtle Trading Rules.
Since we offer the rules here for free we don't see why anyone would pay for these rules anymore but that doesn't stop people from trying to sell them.
Before taking any advice, buying any courses offering to teach you how to trade, or purchasing a system, investigate the sellers very thoroughly. There are many unscrupulous vendors who are not what they appear. Before placing an order, search the internet and find out what previous purchasers thought of the course, seminar, or trading system.
Rules You Wont Follow Dont Matter.
What TurtleTrader and the Former Turtle don't tell you is that trading rules are only a small part of successful trading. The most important aspects of successful trading are confidence, consistency, and discipline.
As famous trader and father of the Turtles, Richard Dennis said: I always say that you could publish my rules in the newspaper and no one would follow them. The key is consistency and discipline. Almost anybody can make up a list of rules that are 80% as good as what we taught our people. What they couldnt do is give them the confidence to stick to those rules even when things are going bad. from Market Wizards, by Jack D. Schwager.
Rules that you cant or wont follow will not do you any good.
The Turtles had a lot of reasons to be confident in the rules they were given. For the most part, we had the confidence to follow them even during losing periods. Those who didnt consistently.
follow the rules didnt make money and were dropped from the program.
Traders who want to be successful will figure out a way to gain enough confidence in their own rules of trading to be able to apply them consistently.
As original Turtles, we had it easy. We were given rules by some of the worlds most successful and famous traders, Richard Dennis and his trading partner Bill Eckhardt. They taught us the rules and the reasons why we could trust those rules. Then we were placed into an open office with ten other traders who had been taught those same rules. In some respects it was easier to follow the rules than to not follow the rules.
On the whole, we had the confidence and the discipline to consistently apply the rules we were given. This was the secret of our success as traders.
Those who failed to follow the rules invariably failed as Turtles. Some of them decided they could make more money selling the Turtle rules than they did as Turtles.
The Genesis of the Project.
Like many of the other Turtles, it always bothered me that some were making money off the work of Richard Dennis and Bill Eckhardt without their consent; that these secret-sellers had used the success of the Turtles to dupe others into spending thousands of dollars on products that were not what they appeared.
I had often thought that a great way to deal with this problem would be to give the Turtle Trading Rules away for free. Since others had already let the cat out of the bag, and since anyone who really wanted the rules could already get them by paying, it wouldnt violate my sense of fair play to reveal them.
So that is what we have done. with a slight twist.
While the rules are free, we respectfully ask that those who gain benefit from the rules and find them valuable send a donation supporting a charity in honor of Richard Dennis, Bill Eckhardt and the original Turtles. You can find a copy of the charities favored by the Turtles on the new web site: originalturtles.
-Curtis Faith, an Original Turtle - OriginalTurtles.
Saturday, January 10, 2009.
Original Turtle Trading Rules: Chapter 1: A Complete Trading System.
The Turtle Trading System was a Complete Trading System, one that covered every aspect of trading, and left virtually no decision to the subjective whims of the trader.
Most successful traders use a mechanical trading system. This is no coincidence.
A good mechanical trading system automates the entire process of trading. The system provides answers for each of the decisions a trader must make while trading. The system makes it easier for a trader to trade consistently because there is a set of rules which specifically define exactly what should be done. The mechanics of trading are not left up to the judgment of the trader.
If you know that your system makes money over the long run, it is easier to take the signals and trade according to the system during periods of losses. If you are relying on your own judgment during trading, you may find that you are fearful just when you should be bold, and courageous when you should be cautious.
If you have a mechanical trading system that works, and you follow it consistently, your trading will be consistent despite the inner emotional struggles that might come from a long series of losses, or a large profit. The confidence, consistency, and discipline afforded by a thoroughly tested mechanical system are the key to many of the most profitable traders success.
The Turtle Trading System was a Complete Trading System. Its rules covered every aspect of trading, and left no decisions to the subjective whims of the trader. It had every component of a Complete Trading System.
The Components of a Complete System.
A Complete Trading System covers each of the decisions required for successful trading:
Markets - What to buy or sell.
Position Sizing - How much to buy or sell.
Entries - When to buy or sell.
Stops - When to get out of a losing position.
Exits - When to get out of a winning position.
Tactics - How to buy or sell.
Markets What to buy or sell.
The first decision is what to buy and sell, or essentially, what markets to trade. If you trade too few markets you greatly reduce your chances of getting aboard a trend. At the same time, you dont want to trade markets that have too low a trading volume, or that dont trend well.
Position Sizing How much to buy or sell.
The decision about how much to buy or sell is absolutely fundamental, and yet is often glossed over or handled improperly by most traders.
How much to buy or sell affects both diversification and money management. Diversification is an attempt to spread risk across many instruments, and to increase the opportunity for profit by increasing the opportunities for catching successful trades. Proper diversification requires making similar, if not identical bets on many different instruments. Money management is really about controlling risk by not betting so much that you run out of money before the good trends come.
How much to buy or sell is the single most important aspect of trading. Most beginning traders risk far too much on each trade, and greatly increase their chances of going bust, even if they have an otherwise valid trading style.
Entries When to buy or sell.
The decision of when to buy or sell is often called the entry decision. Automated systems generate entry signals which define the exact price and market conditions to enter the market, whether by buying or selling.
Stops When to get out of a losing position.
Traders who do not cut their losses will not be successful in the long term. The most important thing about cutting your losses is to predefine the point where you will get out before you enter a position.
Exits When to get out of a winning position.
Many trading systems that are sold as complete trading systems do not specifically address the exit of winning positions. Yet the question of when to get out of a winning position is crucial to the profitability of the system. Any trading system that does not address the exit of winning positions is not a Complete Trading System.
Tactics How to buy or sell.
Once a signal has been generated, tactical considerations regarding the mechanics of execution become important. This is especially true for larger accounts, where the entry and exit of positions can result in significant adverse price movement, or market impact.
Using a mechanical system is the best way to consistently make money trading. If you know that your system makes money over the long run, it is easier to take the signals and follow the system during periods of losses. If you rely on your own judgment, during trading you may find that you are fearful just when you should be courageous, or courageous when you should be fearful.
If you have a profitable mechanical trading system, and you follow it religiously, then your trading will be profitable, and the system will help you survive the emotional struggles that inevitably result from a long series of losses, or large profits.
The trading system that was used by the Turtles was a Complete Trading System. This was a major factor in our success. Our system made it easier to trade consistently, and successfully, because it did not leave important decisions to the discretion of the trader.
In 1983, commodities trader Richard Dennis set out to show that anybody could trade profitably provided they were taught some simple rules.
His partner, William Eckhardt, disagreed and a wager was born.
(If this sounds familiar, it should be. It forms the basis of the plot to John Landis 1983 comedy, Trading Places.)
Dennis placed classified ads in the financial press soliciting trainee traders no experience required. Successful applicants were subsequently taught some basic rules about risk management and trend-following.
These aspirant traders were called turtles after Dennis experience of seeing a Singaporean turtle farm, and his belief that successful traders could be grown just like those turtles.
21 men and two women were hired over the next two years in two separate programmes. Long story short, many of the turtles went on to become multi - millionaires.
Not only that, but some of the turtles went on to join the ranks of the most successful traders in history.
Richard Dennis believed that a successful trading philosophy could be taught to anybody provided they kept to the rules. Dennis himself borrowed $400 from his father and by the early 1980s had amassed a fortune of $200 million.
As his father famously observed, Lets just say Richie ran that $400 up pretty good.
The basic turtle rules involved entering trades on the basis of markets breaking out from previously established ranges. If a given futures market traded at a new 20-day high, then it should be bought. If it traded at a new 20-day low, it should be sold. Stop losses were included for hedging downside risk. Risk per transaction was also carefully controlled.
The turtles were allowed to trade a variety of US futures markets, including interest rates, currencies, energies, metals and commodities (hard and soft). Futures markets were favoured due to their depth and liquidity.
Whereas most fund managers try and predict the future, the turtles simply paid attention to the market price. For as long as price trends persisted and they werent stopped out, they would add to their positions (subject to obeying the rules about appropriate position sizing).
If the turtles lost money, they would have to reduce their bet size until theyd brought their account back into the black.
There are really only two ways of looking at financial markets. One of them is fundamental: to take into consideration macro-economic themes, the economy, interest rates, inflation. The other method is technical: what are prices doing?
Richard Dennis recognised that price is the only metric really worth trusting everything else is a matter of opinion. This trading strategy today goes by the name systematic trend-following.
Unlike many approaches to trading, it requires no special understanding of any given market just a healthy respect for the price action.
And there are two specific reasons why we look favourably on systematic trend-following funds.
One is that they have a long history of generating attractive returns.
The second is that whatever their future return streams, those returns can be confidently expected to come with roughly zero correlation to the stock market.
This makes them the perfect investment vehicle to sit within a properly diversified portfolio alongside the likes of stocks, high quality bonds, and real assets.
Until next time,
Director of Investment at PFP Wealth Management.
Saturday, January 10, 2009.
Original Turtle Trading Rules: Chapter 4: Entries.
The Turtles used two related system entries, each based on Donchians channel breakout system.
The typical trader thinks mostly in terms of the entry signals when thinking about a particular trading system. They believe that the entry is the most important aspect of any trading system.
They might be very surprised to find that the Turtles used a very simple entry system based on the Channel Breakout systems taught by Richard Donchian.
The Turtles were given rules for two different but related breakout systems we called System 1 and System 2. We were given full discretion to allocate as much of our equity to either system as we wanted. Some of us chose to trade all our equity using System 2, some chose to use a 50% System 1, 50% System 2 split, while others chose different mixes.
System 1 A shorter-term system based on a 20-day breakout.
System 2 A simpler long-term system based on a 55-day breakout.
A breakout is defined as the price exceeding the high or low of a particular number of days. Thus a 20-day breakout would be defined as exceeding the high or low of the preceding 20 days.
Turtles always traded at the breakout when it was exceeded during the day, and did not wait until the daily close or the open of the following day. In the case of opening gaps, the Turtles would enter positions on the open if a market opened through the price of the breakout.
System 1 Entry - Turtles entered positions when the price exceeded by a single tick the high or low of the preceding 20 days. If the price exceeded the 20-day high, then the Turtles would buy one Unit to initiate a long position in the corresponding commodity. If the price dropped one tick below the low of the last 20-days, the Turtles would sell one Unit to initiate a short position.
System 1 breakout entry signals would be ignored if the last breakout would have resulted in a winning trade. NOTE: For the purposes of this test, the last breakout was considered the last breakout in the particular commodity irrespective of whether or not that particular breakout was actually taken, or was skipped because of this rule. This breakout would be considered a losing breakout if the price subsequent to the date of the breakout moved 2N against the position before a profitable 10-day exit occurred.
The direction of the last breakout was irrelevant to this rule. Thus, a losing long breakout or a losing short breakout would enable the subsequent new breakout to be taken as a valid entry, regardless of its direction (long or short).
However, in the event that a System 1 entry breakout was skipped because the previous trade had been a winner, an entry would be made at the 55-day breakout to avoid missing major moves. This 55-day breakout was considered the Failsafe Breakout point.
At any given point, if you were out of the market, there would always be some price which would trigger a short entry and another different and higher price which would trigger a long entry. If the last breakout was a loser, then the entry signal would be closer to the current price (i. e. the 20 day breakout), than if it had been a winner, in which case the entry signal would likely be farther away, at the 55 day breakout.
System 2 Entry - Entered when the price exceeded by a single tick the high or low of the preceding 55 days. If the price exceeded the 55 day high, then the Turtles would buy one Unit to initiate a long position in the corresponding commodity. If the price dropped one tick below the low of the last 55 days, the Turtles would sell one Unit to initiate a short position.
All breakouts for System 2 would be taken whether the previous breakout had been a winner or not.
Turtles entered single Unit long positions at the breakouts and added to those positions at ½ N intervals following their initial entry. This ½ N interval was based on the actual fill price of the previous order. So if an initial breakout order slipped by ½ N, then the new order would be 1 full N past the breakout to account for the ½ N slippage, plus the normal ½ N unit add interval.
This would continue right up to the maximum permitted number of units. If the market moved quickly enough it was possible to add the maximum four Units in a single day.
55 day breakout = 310.
First Unit added 310.00.
Fourth Unit 312.50 + ½ 2.50 or 313.75.
55 day breakout = 28.30.
First Unit added 28.30.
Second Unit 28.30 + ½ 1.20 or 28.90.
Third Unit 28.90 + ½ 1.20 or 29.50.
Fourth Unit 29.50 + ½ 1.20 or 30.10.
The Turtles with the best trading records consistently applied the entry rules. The Turtles with the worst records, and all those who were dropped from the program, failed to consistently enter positions when the rules indicated.
Turtles forex trading rules.
Turtles forex trading rules.
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These are the original Turtle Trading System rules as taught by Richard Dennis and William. Trading System rules by a former turtle, and subsequently, on a. The Turtle Trading System was a Complete Trading System. Its rules covered every aspect of trading, and left no decisions to the subjective. Jul 16, 2008. I'm attaching a pdf file with Free Trurtle trading Rules for trading markets. The "Turtle" trading program started by Richard Dennis is, by any.
The Foreign Exchange market, 'Forex' or 'FX' market is the largest financial market in the world. Original Turtle Trading Rules and Stories from TurtleTraderВ® and Michael Covel. Whether you call it FX trading, forex trading, currency trading or interbank. I trade Forex the same way I've traded futures for sixteen years. It's been working, so why mess with it?" - quoted from a best-selling author. Until recently, the.
Original Turtle Trading Rules and Stories from TurtleTraderВ® and Michael Covel. Whether you call it FX trading, forex trading, currency trading or interbank. Sep 10, 2008. Dennis would find a group of people to teach his rules to, and then have. For more on turtle trading, see Trading Systems Run With The Herd. May 27, 2013. To see the details of the turtle trading rules I am comparing my system to. For my own day trading system I do not trade options, forex, or the.
Original Turtle Trading Rules and Stories from TurtleTraderВ® and Michael Covel. Trading currencies is in effect buying one currency and selling a comparable.
The Foreign Exchange market, 'Forex' or 'FX' market is the largest financial market in the world. DailyFX - Forex Market News and Analysis Deutsch DailyFX Home English Espanol Francais . Thread Turtle Trading Rules. Dec 10, 2013. The Turtle experiment - how to become profitable following simple trading rules If you are into trading literature there are good chances.
Original Turtle Trading Rules and Stories from TurtleTrader® and Michael Covel. The Legendary. Home › Foreign Exchange FOREX or Currency Trading. The Original Turtle Trader Forex Robot. the Turtles trade. showing that anyone with a good set of rules and sufficient funds could be a successful trader. Sep 2, 2013. The system uses the daily timeframe and the rules are surprisingly. by professional Forex traders it cuts losses short, it lets winners run.
This turtle forex trading system is specifically designed to trade the exciting. The first group of rules is related to position size in terms of portfolio theory and. Welcome to Original Turtle Russell Sands New Turtle Forex Trading System Original Turtle Trading Rules and Stories from TurtleTraderВ® and Michael Covel. Whether you call it FX trading, forex trading, currency trading or interbank.
After testing 100's of different trading systems we found the Turtle Trading Rules to provide the most consistent results on various securities long term.
Benefits of online trading.
Benefits of Online Trading.
You want to diversify your portfolio and get involved in your own financial future. But after hearing horror stories of Ponzi schemes and unethical traders, you really do not have faith in the professionals who work in the industry.
There are many benefits to trading online which may prompt you to become your own money manager.
Benefit 1: Youre in control.
By trading online, you have full control over your financial future. You do not have to risk trusting a stranger and their impulses.
As your own online trading advocate, you do the research, buying and selling and are really in the drivers seat for your financial future.
Benefit 2: Youre saving money.
Commissions are incredibly low for those who opt into signing up to use a brokerages online trade system platform. That means you can buy or sell thousands of stocks and get charged one, small flat rate for the transaction.
Additionally, many brokerages want your business so may offer you $100 buck for choosing them over their competitors and may waive maintenance charges so even more of your money will stay in your pocket.
Benefit 3: Online trading sites make it easy.
Trading online provides investors with one stop shopping for researching and making their online trades. Commonly online trading specialists provide their clients with access to real time quotes, charts, futures news, technical analysis programs and additional research.
Beware the dangers.
There are also dangers lurking around the corners for novices of trading online. It is important to remember that despite the sleek packaging and convenience, trading online involves real money. When you buy stocks, it is not a game, it is real life and thousands of dollars can be lost.
There are no mentors to help you along and you will be on your own in cyberspace. However, by taking your time, researching your decisions and trusting your gut instinct, you can indeed enjoy the many benefits associated with trading online.
Benefits of online trading.
By Dave Johnson.
On February 03, 2011.
The stock markets have always attracted investors who gravitate towards investments with higher returns. Although the risk factor is high, the returns are comparatively higher than other investment avenues like debt instruments. Though it was quite popular with regular investors, a sizable part of our population did not invest in it owing to its seemingly complex nature. Add to that the long winded process of buying or selling shares, it is no wonder that many investors kept away from it.
Trading in earlier times was a time-consuming, long-winded and a difficult-to-manage process since it employed an open-outcry system where one needed to personally visit the stock exchange to trade in the market.
It is only after the internet revolution that stock trading went online and many entered the stock markets, thanks to a simpler way of trading. Although the basic principles remain the same, the online system has attracted large number of people towards it owing to its convenience.
Now, one does not have to visit stock exchanges or even their broker if they wish to purchase or sell stocks. One can just log in to his/her trading account online and buy and sell stocks from their account. One does not even involve an intermediary in these transactions.
Another way to do so is by calling one’s broker over the phone. The broker trades in stocks of one’s choice on their behalf and with their permission. This way too, one does not have to worry about the safety of their shares since they are directly deposited into their own Demat account.
Equities, mutual funds, derivatives, etc. are all stored in electronic form in a specialised Demat account. Shares bought and sold are instantly credited to or debited from the Demat account. One can also get physical certificate of their shares if requested from the broking house.
Trading online helps investors place orders or trade from their homes or office whenever they want. And with newer advancement in trading technology one can even place orders to buy and/or sell shares even after regular trading hours. Online trading is especially helpful this way.
Trading is a great way to earn money on a daily basis in the stock markets. It is not important whether one trades in small amounts or large, what is important is that one does it in an informed way.
Fullerton Securities offer online trading in india. it is more convenient and faster to get latest updates on stock trading. You can easily get higher returns by investing in stock market online .
Simple trading strategies that work hollos top10binary options brokers worldwide.
Forex trading on youtube.
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Binary trading.
Welcome To BinaryTrading.
Binary options are simple to trade but hard to master. Our website is packed full of 100% free guides that show you exactly how to trade binary options using easy to understand screenshots and down to earth explanations. Use BinaryTrading to help you learn the fundamentals of trading, get free strategies, trading tips and find a legit broker worthy of your business.
To trade a binary option choose up or down and how much to risk.
Trading Binary Options.
Today binary options are red hot . Its where the winning traders are raking in the cash. Hand over fist. 왜? Because its easy, fast and can be profitable. Very freaking profitable. If you are good at it.
Here is how simple binary trading is on the most basic level. Can you pick correctly from a one or the other choice? If you are correct you earn money (up to 85+% returns). Thats binary trading.
Touch or No Touch.
Think of questions like:
Is OIL going up or down in the next 15 minutes?
Is APPLE or GOOGLE going to perform better in the next hour.
Is your favorite stock going up or down?
Is the USD/EUR pair moving?
Can GOLD reach a certain price or not.
If you choose correctly you win the trade and make money. Binary trading is that simple.
Learn The Basics Of Trading Binaries.
Basics of Binary Options New to binary options? Read this binary options for newbies.
How To Trade A Binary Option Online Tutorial with step by step screenshots.
Binary Options Trading Guide, Lessons Tutorials List of tips, strategies, ideas and info.
Practice With A Demo Trading Account Trick to get a totally free demo account!
Reputable Binary Options Brokers Trust us one this one, only trade at a safe broker.
Im here to tell you that you do not have to be a professional trader to trade binary options and make money. You can start with as little as a $200 at most brokers we recommend.
You can start with even less at MarketsWorld if you want to give it a try with as little budget as possible.
Screenshot from GOptions Multiple types of binary options to trade.
FOREX, forget about it. its complicated. Too slow. Too robotic and formula driven. Now let us be realistic for a moment and say that >while it is simple to trade a binary option it is not as simple to pick correctly the majority of the time. You have to know your stuff, be able to spot trends or reversals, or just be lucky. If you are right you make cash and if you are wrong you lose some. The actual buying and selling of binary options is so easy that the the average Joe can trade binaries. A fair percentage of them can do so quite successfully . Some people make really good money trading binary options. You could be one of them.
Binaries became legal in the USA in 2008 and their popularity exploded in 2012 2014. Why? Because they are a simplified way to trade stocks, commodities, indices and currency pairs. . Binary options trading is fast, fun and it can be very profitable . Im talking about a lot of money here in short time frames. 70-85% returns can be made on trades that close in hours, minutes and even 60 seconds. Now, before we get ahead of ourselves there is plenty of risk involved. Binaries are higher risk and higher reward. That is how it works. Know this up front.
If You Like The Idea of Slowly Making Losing Money In The Stock Market.
Then binary trading is NOT for you. The trading is too fasted paced. And the risk and returns are too big. The average binary option trade online today probably expires within 15 to 30 minutes per trade, with returns often up to around 85%. However if you are a take the path less traveled type of man, then trading binary options is for you. Higher rewards, higher risks. That is how it goes.
I dont know about you, but I would rather take a shot and miss than slowly bleed myself dry through inflation and taxes.
The good news is that your risk is limited and fixed on any given trade . You can not lose more than you risked on the trade, unlike forex where you can get burned with leverage and margin calls. The even better news is, you do not have to be a financial expert or even an experienced trader in order to make successful binary option trades. Even if you have never bought a stock before, you can trade binary options and win.
Binary Options Check List.
Before you trade, here are some things you should know:
Binaries offer a fixed risk up front. You decide how much to risk before placing a trade. You cant lose more than this amount no matter how badly the trade goes.
There is also a fixed payout. You know exactly how much money you are going to make when the option expires.
You do not have to worry about setting stop losses or over leveraging yourself.
You do not have to worry about margin calls.
You do not have to win by massive pips. A 1 pip win is as good as a 20 pip win as far as your payout is concerned (your heart rate as expiry hits is another matter)
You job is to pick between a one or the other (binary) choice. If you are correct you earn money.
You do not actually buy the underlying asset. You just predict its price movement.
You can not get burned by leverage and end up costing yourself more than what you intended to risk. Binaries are fixed risk, fixed reward trades .
These differences from the complicated world of forex trading have made investing in binaries something that virtually all investors, regardless of starting capital, to be able to do effectively. If you have experience in forex, good or bad, you can probably step right in and start trading FX binary options without skipping a beat.
Can You Make Money Binary Options Trading, Really?
Make A Lot Of Money Fast With Binaries. Call = Up, Put = Down.
Plenty of people make money every day by winning their binary option trades. You can even make a lot of money in a short period of time trading binary options if you are willing to tolerate the risk. 70-85% on winning trades is a standard return. You can get this with binary options that expire in as little as 60 seconds.
You can lose money as well. There is a substantial risk involved with binary trading . Many argue there is more than other traditional types of investing. Others even argue that trading binary options is similar to gambling, or the flip of a coin. Here is what you need to know about making money with binaries.
You must win more than 50% of your trades over the long term to be profitable. Depending on your exact returns will determine exactly what your binary batting average has to be.
Returns are large 80% returns are probably the average on most up / down trades.
Risks are large 100%-85% of the trade amount is at risk depending on where you are trading.
Fast Trades It can be a roller coaster. Make sure you can handle the psychological aspect of trading binaries.
Not all brokers accept US traders. See the US Binary Options Brokers here.
Always Practice With A Demo Account Before Trading Your Real Money.
Start out trading virtual money before risking real money. To get a demo account, all you have to do is make a minimum deposit at any of the brokers that offer demo trading. Do yourself a favor and make your first deposit at a broker who offers a demo account where you can practice trading in real time with fake money. Most all of the brokers require you to make a deposit in order to access their demo account. However you are not risking your own money trading with a virtual account. It is all fake money, but real experience. Use the demo account to work on your methods, techniques and to test strategies and theories.
Thread trading highs and lows.
Thread: trading highs and lows.
trading highs and lows.
i have been using a demo account for the past month and im up 6.2k or 12 % of my account. the way i invest is if a pair is near its weekly lows i would buy it and have stop loss close to the bottom or if the pair is near its weekly highs i would sell/short it and having the stop loss above the top. As you can see it as worked well for me, I would like to know has anyone tried this. has it worked for you? plz dont give me a stupid answer of its a demo account. money is money. i care about it regardless if its fake or real.
Simple is good, but there's a little flaw in your thinking there.
You have one last hurdle to conquer, and that's the space between your ears. Just as learning to trade in general has a learning curve, so does learning to trade live . It's a whole different world when your losses are real. But there's a way to manage that.
If you have 3.5 k to start with, use some money management with your startup amount.
Put 10% in an account, and trade that using your system. If you make money for a month, great. Add more at that point. If you don't, you're not out your whole startup kit.
If you put it all in at once, your risk of losing it all is much greater. Even if you lost half before you started making money again, you'd need to double the account to get back to your starting amount. That's tough when there's so much pressure on you. Take some of that stress off, and allow yourself the luxury of making a few mistakes without it costing you your entire starting balance.
I've been where you are. In fact, my first forex loss was more than your entire starting balance.
It wasn't pleasant.
Thread: trading highs and lows.
Join Date Mar 2012 Posts 126.
In my early of trading i use to use a strategy similar to yours. It was trading highs and lows of the day.
The best thing i found out you can do is to go with the long term trend. Dont just go short because it has broken the lower time frame unless the longer term is pointing down aswell.
One thing i did was spot outside bar reversal patterns, inside bar reversal patterns, dojis, bullish/bearish 3 method continuation pattern on the daily charts. If those signals where a bullish signal on the daily i would then zoom a 15 minute chart and trade the high of the the confirmation bar for those patterns.
For instance if it was a bullish outside bar reversal pattern on the daily. I would wait until the next day (after the outside bar) and trade the break of the outside bars high. This increased my chances massively.
Good luck hope that helped.
Silver trading online-some basics, some tips, some brokers.
Silver Trading Online -
Some Basics, Some Tips,
Interested in silver trading and you don't know where to start? Already trading silver and looking for some insightful tips? 환영! This page is about trading silver on forex, aka: FX, (the global foreign exchange market for trading currencies, silver and gold).
"The geometry that describes the shape of coastlines and the patterns of galaxies.
also elucidates how prices soar and plumet."
Understand these basic facts:
If you want REAL exposure to silver, the safest, surest way is to buy physical silver coins and bars. 'If you can't hold it, you don't own it" .
According to many sources, only about 10% of people trading on the forex market are profiting. You work hard for your money, so fully educate yourself before 'going live'.
Easy on the leverage! Forex professionals use very low leverage; 1:20 maximum. Anything more and you could lose a lot of money, very fast.
You do not physically own the silver you trade . nor can you redeem profits in silver. It's a digital market in your base currency. The word on the street is that 100 times more silver is traded online than actually exists.
11 Silver Trading Tips:
1. The spot silver price of the silver market is volatile, (eruptive, unstable, explosive to both the upside and downside). Many believe it is manipulated, "There Are No Markets Anymore. Only Interventions". - Chris Powell, GATA.
Here is an example of how fast and how far it can drop:
2. While silver trading on forex you can go long, (buy silver against the USD, EUR etc. ), or go short (sell silver against the USD, EUR, etc. ), you can make money either way! Volatility is your friend. When harnessed properly it can make you some nice profits.
3. Listen to the news, but ignore every word of it. Get out at the end of big short term spikes and jump in when it reverses.
4. Five minute charts are more relaxed. One minute charts can be harmful.
5. Have a strategy. Control emotions. Trading is 95% psychological and 5% technical. Wait for the right conditions to open a trade or do not trade.
6. The Asian trading session is usually light on volume and price action. Low volatility.
7. Often within the first hour of the New York trading session opening, and/or within the first hour after New York lunch the silver price is driven down.
This is not uncommon:
8. For commodities trading silver the market is open 5 days a week. Opening Sundays at 2200 GMT and closing Fridays at 1945 GMT. If you wish to keep a trade open over the weekend their is a small surcharge. Especially as of lately, with global financial turmoils growing, during the last hours of the Friday trading session the silver price has been rising. Silver is seen as both a safe haven and insurance, so traders are often putting funds into a safety net to ride out the weekend.
10. 'Sell in May and go away'. This is very true with folks in the silver market. From May to the end of August the spot silver price is often range bound. For example summer of 2010 silver was bouncing between 17 USD/oz and 19 USD/oz. Then in September it broke through the 19.30 USD resistance level and rallied to 31 USD/oz by the end of the year.
(Spot Silver Price 2010)
General Forex Advice When Choosing.
Your Silver Trading Company (Broker):
1. Before opening an online silver trading account, fully research the broker you are considering. ForexFactory has an excellent broker discussion in their main forum. And check out their silver and gold trading forum here.
2. Open a "demo" account before a "trade for real" online silver trading account. Almost all forex providers allow you to trade on their live platform with "play money" or "vitual dollars". This gives you a chance to make lots of mistakes with no losses while you get comfortable with their system. I began silver trading with eToro. This platform is excellent for beginners and offers a free demo account with 10,000 virtual USD.
3. Make sure you can quickly and easily withdraw your profits. I have all too often heard traders complaining about the problems they encounter while withdrawing money from their account. After you 'go live' I very strongly suggest you withdraw some funds from your account to know that your broker is trustworthy. I did this successfully with eToro, just $100 and I felt a lot better moving forward.
Return from Silver Trading to Guide To Silver (Why Buy Silver) Homepage.
Sharpe ratio.
DEFINITION of 'Sharpe Ratio'
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BREAKING DOWN 'Sharpe Ratio'
The Sharpe ratio has become the most widely used method for calculating risk-adjusted return; however, it can be inaccurate when applied to portfolios or assets that do not have a normal distribution of expected returns. Many assets have a high degree of kurtosis ('fat tails') or negative skewness. The Sharp ratio also tends to fail when analyzing portfolios with significant non-linear risks, such as options or warrants. Alternative risk-adjusted return methodologies have emerged over the years, including the Sortino Ratio. Return Over Maximum Drawdown (RoMaD), and the Treynor Ratio .
Modern Portfolio Theory states that adding assets to a diversified portfolio that have correlations of less than one with each other can decrease portfolio risk without sacrificing return. Such diversification will serve to increase the Sharpe ratio of a portfolio.
Sharpe ratio = (Mean portfolio return ? Risk-free rate)/Standard deviation of portfolio return.
The ex-ante Sharpe ratio formula uses expected returns while the ex-post Sharpe ratio uses realized returns.
Applications of the Sharpe Ratio.
The Sharpe ratio is often used to compare the change in a portfolio's overall risk-return characteristics when a new asset or asset class is added to it. For example, a portfolio manager is considering adding a hedge fund allocation to his existing 50/50 investment portfolio of stocks which has a Sharpe ratio of 0.67. If the new portfolio's allocation is 40/40/20 stocks, bonds and a diversified hedge fund allocation (perhaps a fund of funds), the Sharpe ratio increases to 0.87. This indicates that although the hedge fund investment is risky as a standalone exposure, it actually improves the risk-return characteristic of the combined portfolio, and thus adds a diversification benefit. If the addition of the new investment lowered the Sharpe ratio, it should not be added to the portfolio.
The Sharpe ratio can also help explain whether a portfolio's excess returns are due to smart investment decisions or a result of too much risk. Although one portfolio or fund can enjoy higher returns than its peers, it is only a good investment if those higher returns do not come with an excess of additional risk. The greater a portfolio's Sharpe ratio, the better its risk-adjusted performance has been. A negative Sharpe ratio indicates that a risk-less asset would perform better than the security being analyzed.
Criticisms and Alternatives.
The Sharpe ratio uses the standard deviation of returns in the denominator as its proxy of total portfolio risk, which assumes that returns are normally distributed. Evidence has shown that returns on financial assets tend to deviate from a normal distribution and may make interpretations of the Sharpe ratio misleading.
A variation of the Sharpe ratio is the Sortino ratio. which removes the effects of upward price movements on standard deviation to measure only return against downward price volatility and uses the semivariance in the denominator. The Treynor ratio uses systematic risk. or beta (?) instead of standard deviation as the risk measure in the denominator.
The Sharpe ratio can also be "gamed" by hedge funds or portfolio managers seeking to boost their apparent risk-adjusted returns history. This can be done by:
Lengthening the measurement interval: This will result in a lower estimate of volatility. For example, the annualized standard deviation of daily returns is generally higher than of weekly returns, which is, in turn, higher than of monthly returns.
Compounding the monthly returns but calculating the standard deviation from the not compounded monthly returns.
Writing out-of-the-money puts and calls on a portfolio: This strategy can potentially increase the return by collecting the option premium without paying off for several years. Strategies that involve taking on default risk. liquidity risk. or other forms of catastrophe risk have the same ability to report an upwardly biased Sharpe ratio. (An example is the Sharpe ratios of market-neutral hedge funds before and after the 1998 liquidity crisis .)
Smoothing of returns: Using certain derivative structures, infrequent marking to market of illiquid assets, or using pricing models that understate monthly gains or losses can reduce reported volatility.
Eliminating extreme returns: Because such returns increase the reported standard deviation of a hedge fund, a manager may chose to attempt to eliminate the best and the worst monthly returns each year to reduce the standard deviation.
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Developed in 1966 by Nobel Laureate William Sharpe, the ratio is used to measure and compare the level of risk in a portfolio. The higher the Sharpe ratio, the better a portfolio has performed relative to the risk taken.
As an example, if two portfolio managers, A and B, have enjoyed successive returns of 20% in the last three years, but A has a Sharpe ratio of 1.07 and B has a Sharpe ratio of 0.79, then A took on less risk than B to achieve the same return.
The Sharpe ratio tells us whether a portfolio's returns are due to smart investment decisions or a result of excess risk.
Visit our stocks lessons to learn more about portfolios and trading with stocks and shares:
외환 거래 방법 알아보기.
Enter your Login and Password into the platform to access your new demo. 귀하의 사용자 ID와 비밀번호는 귀하에게 적용됩니다.
고위험 투자 경고 : 외환 거래 및 / 또는 마진 차이 계약은 높은 위험도를 지니 며 모든 투자자에게 적합하지 않을 수 있습니다. 퇴직금을 초과하여 손실을 견딜 수있는 가능성이 존재하므로 잃을 수없는 자본으로 추측해서는 안됩니다. FXCM이 제공하는 제품을 거래하기로 결정하기 전에 목표, 재무 상황, 요구 사항 및 경험 수준을 신중하게 고려해야합니다. 마진 거래와 관련된 모든 위험을 인식하고 있어야합니다. FXCM은 귀하의 목적, 재정적 상황 또는 필요 사항을 고려하지 않는 일반적인 조언을 제공합니다. 이 웹 사이트의 내용은 개인적인 조언으로 해석되어서는 안됩니다. FXCM은 별도 ​​재무 고문으로부터 조언을 구하는 것이 좋습니다.
전체 위험 경고를 읽으려면 여기를 클릭하십시오.
FXCM is a registered Futures Commission Merchant and Retail Foreign Exchange Dealer with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission and is a member of the National Futures Association. NFA # 0308179.
FXCM Inc. a publicly traded company listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE: FXCM), is a holding company and its sole asset is a controlling equity interest in FXCM Holdings, LLC. Forex Capital Markets, LLC ("FXCM LLC") is a direct operating subsidiary of FXCM Holdings, LLC. All references on this site to "FXCM" refer to FXCM Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, including FXCM Holdings, LLC and Forex Capital Markets, LLC.
Please note the information on this website is intended for retail customers only, and certain representations herein may not be applicable to Eligible Contract Participants (i. e. institutional clients) as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act §1(a)(12).
&부; 2015 Forex Capital Markets. 판권 소유.
55 Water St. 50th Floor, New York, NY 10041 USA.
이 가이드는 다음을 배울 수 있도록 도와줍니다.
FXCM Inc. a publicly traded company listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE: FXCM), is a holding company and its sole asset is a controlling equity interest in FXCM Holdings, LLC. Forex Capital Markets Limited ("FXCM LTD") is an indirect operating subsidiary of FXCM Holdings, LLC. All references on this site to "FXCM" refer to FXCM Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, including FXCM Holdings, LLC and Forex Capital Markets Limited.
Forex Capital Markets Limited는 금융 행위 감독 기관 (Financial Conduct Authority)에 의해 영국에서 승인되고 규제됩니다. 등록 번호 217689.
세법 : 귀하의 금융 베팅 활동에 대한 영국의 세법은 귀하의 개인적인 상황에 따라 다르며 향후 변경 될 수 있으며 다른 관할 지역에서는 다를 수 있습니다.
Forex 거래 방법에 대해 알아보십시오.
Forex market in itself is the same as any other: commodity market, stock market, or the one that is near your house. All of them have similar features; the difference is only in the goods offered and the methods of making a deal.
Since Forex is a currency market, its obvious that the product it offers is foreign exchange currency. Your job as a trader is to buy currency at a cheaper rate and sell it at the more expensive. The difference is your profit. You can also do it in reverse. Knowing that the price for the currency will go down, you sell it at the expensive rate and buy it back later at a cheaper price. The difference in price makes your forex profit.
Forex: You can do it!
Beginners may find it difficult to understand how to trade forex and how to make money in Forex trading. In fact, the Forex trading is no big deal and everyone can do it. All you have to do at first is to open an account at RoboForex broker website, download and install the program where you can trade trade terminal. You can work just as on demo-account, where you can practice and sharpen your skills as a trader, so on the real account, where you can make real money.
To understand how millions of traders earn money with FOREX trading, all you need is to give one minute of your time.
Forex newbies sometimes find it difficult to understand how exactly one can gain on the differences in exchange rates. 이것을 설명하기 위해 예를 들어 거래를 외환 거래하는 방법을 생각해 봅시다. Once you open a forex trade account with a RoboForex, of say $100, you need to define the upper and lower limit on the chart of the currency pair, say EUR / USD, and decide what you do: buy or sell. Assume that on October 3 you predict that the quotes will rise, and thus you buy EUR 7500 at the price of 1.318, making a deal of 7500*1.318 = USD 9885. This is possible due to the level that allows you to make transactions worth 100 times more than you have at your account. On October 27 the rate rises up to 1.42. You decide to sell EUR 7500, making a deal worth of 7500 * 1.42 = USD 10,650. Your earnings amounted to 10650 - 9885 = USD 765.
Thv trix and symphonie-sentiment-indicator forex trading strategy.
THV Trix and Symphonie-Sentiment-Indicator Forex Trading Strategy.
Place a buy entry when the THV Trix indicator lines turn green and a green arrow points upward below the zero mark and the Symphonie-Sentiment-Indicator forms blue bars to the upside (above the zero mark). Once these indicators agree on these criteria, bullish positions should be entered.
Place a -45 pips stop loss for this entry signal.
Exit Strategy/Take Profit:
It would be okay to place a +90 pips take profit on this trading system. It would be wise to place a +45 pips trailing stop on your positions. On the activity chart, when the red bars of the Symphonie-Sentiment-Indicator forms below the zero mark, an exit is assumed as well.
THV Trix and Symphonie-Sentiment-Indicator Forex Trading Strategy Buy Signal.
The chart above defines the conditions for a buy entry, with the Symphonie-Sentiment-Indicator displaying blue bars above the zero mark and the THV Trix v6.01 indicator lines turns green with a green arrow pointing northward as shown on the chart. During a bullish trend, the red Symphonie-Sentiment-Indicator shows a trend exhaustion or reversal as shown on the chart.
Enter a SELL position when the THV Trix indicator lines turn red and a red arrow points downward above the zero mark and the Symphonie-Sentiment-Indicator forms red bars to the downside (below the zero mark). Once these indicators agree on these conditions, bearish positions should be entered.
Place a -45 pips stop loss for this entry signal.
Exit Strategy/Take Profit:
It would be okay to place a +90 pips take profit on this trading system. It would be wise to also place a +45 pips trailing stop on your positions. On the activity chart, when the blue bars of the Symphonie-Sentiment-Indicator forms above the zero mark, an exit is assumed as well.
Forex trading-an introduction.
Forex Trading - An introduction.
A Little Forex History.
The purpose of these articles is to introduce the forex market to you. As with many markets there are many derivative of the central market such as futures, options and forwards. In this book we will only be discussing the main market sometime referred to as the Spot or Cash market.
The word FOREX is derived from the words Foreign Exchange and is the largest financial market in the world. Unlike many markets the FX market is open 24 hours per day and has an estimated $1.2 Trillion in turnover every day. This tremendous turnover is more than the combined turnover of the main worlds' stock markets on any given day. This tends to lead to a very liquid market and thus a desirable market to trade.
다른 많은 유가 증권 (거래가 가능한 금융 상품)과 달리 외환 시장에는 고정 교환이 없습니다. It is primarily traded through banks, brokers, dealers, financial institutions and private individuals.
Trades are executed through phone and increasingly through the Internet. It is only in the last few years that the smaller investor has been able to gain access to this market. Previously the large amounts of deposits required precluded the smaller investors. With the advent of the Internet and growing competition it is now easily within the reach of most investors.
You will often hear the term INTERBANK discussed in FX terminology. This originally, as the name implies was simply banks and large institutions exchanging information about the current rate at which their clients or themselves were prepared to buy or sell a currency.
INTER meaning between and Bank meaning deposit taking institutions. The market has moved on to such a degree now that the term interbank now means anybody who is prepared to buy or sell a currency.
It could be two individuals or your local travel agent offering to exchange Euros for US Dollars. You will however find that most of the brokers and banks use centralized feeds to insure reliability of quote.
The quotes for Bid (buy) and Offer (sell) will all be from reliable sources. These quotes are normally made up of the top 300 or so large institutions. This insures that if they place an order on your behalf that the institutions they have placed the order with is capable of fulfilling the order.
Now although we have spoken about orders being fulfilled, it is estimated that anywhere from 70%-90% of the FX market is speculative. In other words the person or institution that bought or sold the currency has no intention of actually taking delivery of the currency. Instead they were solely speculating on the movement of that particular currency.
Source: Bank For International Settlements bis.
Extract From The Triennial Central Bank Survey of Foreign Exchange and Derivatives Market Activity.
Thread simple a-b-c trading.
Thread: Simple A-B-C Trading.
Simple A-B-C Trading.
One of the most useful trading patterns I found to be the most profitable is the a-b-c pattern. It goes by a lot of different names like 1-2-3 or zigzag correction. However, they all try to do the same thing; identify a change in trend. In an uptrend, our signal to get short is a lower high after a top has been made. On the other hand, our signal to get long after a steep down move is a higher high followed by a higher low.
This thread is a place where you can share you own potential or completed A-B-C patterns. You can ask questions and share tools/indicators that you have found useful in helping you identify and trade the A-B-C pattern!
Many Yen Pairs are Showing A-B-C Corrective Patterns.
Many Yen Pairs are Showing A-B-C Corrective Patterns - After a big run-up the yen pairs appear to be reversing. Japanese repatriation flows and risk aversion may be the reason behind these moves.
Check out AUD/JPY, EUR/JPY and NZD/JPY; 어떻게 생각해?
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Low spread forex brokers list.
Offers forex forums, market calendar and news. Forex brokers with the lowest spreads compare fixed lowest spreads vs variable lowest Forex broker spreads. FX Empire's directory of Forex Brokers is now at your fingertips. Review ratings, read about the brokers' characteristics, get the info you need.
Definitely hard to believe. How can they discourage scalping if they're spreads are 2 pips and have leverage of 5001. I would think this would be prime reason to. Spread Betting Forex Brokers. 다음은 고객에게 베팅 트레이딩 서비스를 제공하는 Forex 중개인 목록입니다. Spread betting is a form of a currency. Find the best Forex broker. 가장 평판이 좋고 최고의 환율 인 외환 브로커 목록.
The Most Comprehensive and Independent Forex Directory Available since 2003. 449 forex websites listed on this forex directory. Links are verified monthly on this. Competitive Spreads. Trade with confidence knowing your OANDA retail forex trading account gets competitive spreads with no commissions on your trades, no minimum. Make your money work with online forex trading. FX, CFDs, precious metals and commodities. Low spreads and no requotes! Scalping, EAs and all forex strategies.
Forex Brokers with Low Spread. For some traders, getting the minimum spread possible is the most important requirement to their Forex broker. Tight spread minimizes.
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International investments.
International stock trading.
Other investments with international exposure.
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Forex glossary ask-bid, forex volatility etc.
Forex glossary: ask-bid, Forex Volatility etc.
Basic terms and ideas of the Forex world.
Appreciation - rise in value of one currency against another which has a floating rate.
Arbitrage - a type of trading with excepted risks, when opposite transactions are carried out simultaneously on the same trading instrument.
Bank of Canada - the Central Bank of Canada, BOC.
Bank of England - the Central Bank of England, BOE.
Bank of Japan - the Central Bank of Japan, BOJ.
Balance - total result of all completed financial operations on a trading account.
Balance of Trade (BoT) - difference between the volumes of exported and imported goods for a certain period of time in a country.
Bar Chart is an instrument of technical analysis; a chart where prices are indicated with the help of bars or lines.
Base Currency - currency which goes first in the currency quote.
Bear - a trader whose trading tactics counts on the decline in the currency value.
Bear Market (“bearish market”) - a market which expects that currency rates will decline, «bearish market».
Beige Book - collection of the Federal Reserve reports which contains a review of the U. S. economic dynamics.
Benchmark interest rate - minimum interest rate which investors expect when buying securities.
Bid - price offered to traders to sell currency.
Big Figure - dealer’s slang to indicate currency pair movement by 100 points.
Borrowing - borrowing of foreign currency at interest for a certain period of time in the financial market.
Break - rapid decline in price.
Breakout - breakdown of the price below support level or above resistance level; breakdown of the trend line.
Broker - an agent who implements investors’ orders to conduct currency selling/buying transactions.
Brokerage Company - a Brokerage, whose mission is to bring together a seller and a buyer of foreign currency.
Bull - a trader, whose trading tactics relies on the rise in currency price.
Bull Market (В«bullish marketВ») - market that expects the rise in the currency rate.
Bundesbank - Central Bank of Germany.
Buy - currency purchase transaction.
Cable - dealer’s slang for the British Pound.
Cancel - traders’ order to cancel Stop-Loss and Take-Profit orders.
Cancel-Replace - order from a trader to a broker to cancel prior order with simultaneous replacement of the cancelled order with a new one.
Candlestick chart - tool of technical analysis, a chart where price is indicated with the help of “Japanese candles”.
Capacity Utilization - economic indicator, which shows production capacity workload.
Car Sales - economic indicator of a number of sold cars, an index of consumer demand.
Cash Flow - cash flow of the capital as a result of trading activity over a certain period of time.
Cash Market - a market where transactions are carried out at the prices specified through cash payment.
Central Bank - a financial institution which regulates monetary policy of a country.
Change - difference between the price of the trading tool and its price on the closing session on the day before.
Chain Store Sales - an economic indicator, showing retail sales dynamics.
Channel - area on the trading tool chart within limits of which price movements take place.
Chart - price chart, displaying changes in price over time.
Chartist - a trader who uses charts and technical analysis indicators as tools to forecast market price movements.
Clearing - trade settlement process.
Close Order - the order closing procedure.
Collateral - trader’s insurance deposit.
Confirmation - situation on the technical analysis price chart when one or several indicators confirm the results of another indicator.
Correction - rollback of the price from the level reached.
Convertible Currency - national currency which can be freely exchanged (converted) into another currency without special approval from the Central Bank.
Counter Currency - quoted currency which appears second in the currency quote record.
Cross Rate - a currency quote without direct involvement of the USD.
Currency Conversion - exchange of one currency for another, in a financial market.
Currency Convertibility is the possibility of free exchange of one currency into another.
Currency Option - option contract which entitles a trader to buy or sell one currency for another at an agreed quote and within stipulated time frame.
Currency Pair - two indicated currencies which make up a quote at the financial market.
Currency Rate - price rate of one currency against another one.
Currency Symbols - letter symbols to indicate currency.
Currency Trading - trading operations to buy/sell one currency for another according to established rules.
Cycle - repetition of a certain pattern of price movement at time intervals.
Day Order - trader’s order to buy or sell which is valid until the end of the trading day and is cancelled automatically in case of non-performance on the day of issue.
Day Trader - a trader who trades at the market during one day session.
Day Trading - opening and closing of the same position within one trading day.
Dealer - market participant who deals with currency buying and selling on his own account.
Dealing - non-cash currency trading.
Dealing center - a company which provides access to financial markets by creating clients’ applications for opening currency positions.
Deposit - amount of money transferred to the trader’s account to cover further operations.
Divergence - a situation in technical analysis when charts of indicators differ from price chart.
Direct Quote - amount of foreign currency required to buy a unit of national currency.
Downtick - downward movement of currency price.
Downtrend - downward trend of currency price at the market.
Double Top - a pattern of technical analysis, displaying the situation when the rate goes up to a certain level twice and then descends.
Double Bottom - a pattern of technical analysis indicating the situation when the rate goes down to a certain level twice and then goes up.
European Central Bank - European Central Bank, ECB.
Economic Indicator is a fundamental analysis indicator, which shows general trends in economy.
Efficient Market Theory is a market theory, which reflects all factors, affecting changes in quotes.
Elliot Wave Theory - Elliot theory according to which prices movement has a waveform (5 waves upward, 3 waves downward).
EURO - Unified currency of the European Union.
European Central Bank (ECB) - Central Bank of the European currency Union.
Exchange rate - the rate of buying/selling one currency for another.
Existing and New Home Sales - macro-economic indicator of real estate sales at the secondary housing market.
Factory Orders - production orders (orders for durable and non-durable goods).
Federal Reserve Bank - Central Bank of the United States of America.
Fed, FRS (Federal Reserve System) - Federal Reserve System of the USA.
Figure - Dealer’s slang to indicate basic figures of the exchange rate value or 100 points of the exchange rate movement.
Flag is a pattern on a technical analysis chart indicating situation when currency price goes up significantly, and after that moves in a narrow range for some time, and then falls rapidly.
Flat is a price which moves with no rises or falls.
Float Profit/Loss - amount of profit or loss on currently opened positions which is not fixed and is subject to change.
Floor Broker - a broker who takes part in trading on floor.
Forecast - Estimation of future trend of price movement, taking into account historical data of technical analysis and current macro-economic indicators.
Foreign Exchange - conversion operations of the foreign currency exchange.
FOREX - financial market where buyers and sellers carry out currency buying/selling transactions.
Foreign Currency is a currency of any foreign country which can be used as a medium of circulation in another country.
Forward Market - В«forwardВ» currency market where currency transactions are concluded at the prices set today, but at a future time specified in the contract.
Free Margin - trader’s funds on the deposit which are not used as a pledge to open positions.
Fundamental Analysis is a method of forecasting price changes which is built up on the analysis of the current economic situation.
G7 - are the most developed countries, including the USA, Japan, Great Britain, Germany, France, Italy and Canada, which meet periodically at summits to resolve the issues of the world economic development, В«Big SevenВ».
Gap is a break on the price chart of technical analysis which is caused by the difference in opening price of a new day and the closing price the day before.
Greenback - «Greenback», dealer’s slang for the U. S. Dollar.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) - aggregate value of goods and services produced in a country in a certain period of time.
Gross National Product (GNP) - gross domestic product plus income, gained from investments or work performed overseas.
Hedging - strategy which is used to reduce investment risks when urgent selling/buying transactions are concluded.
Hedgeable (В«hedgeabilityВ») - characteristic of a transaction when risk of changes in currency rate can be covered by hedging.
Housing Starts and Permits - macro-economic index which shows the number of houses under construction and the number of construction permits.
IFO - business optimism index, calculated by the Institute of Economic Research in Germany.
Import/Export Prices - data on dynamics of prices for the U. S. imports/exports.
Indicator Only - quotes which contain information and which are not used for opening currency positions.
Indirect Quote - cost per unit of domestic currency indicated in the foreign currency units.
Indicator - data which gives information on the general state of economy or financial markets.
Industrial Production is an economic index, indicator of industrial production, which shows total output amount of national plants.
Initial Margin - value of initial deposit which shall be invested as a guarantee for transactions in the future.
Interbank Rates - currency rates set by large International Banks for the other large International Banks.
Interest is the payment for using the money borrowed as a loan.
Interest Rate is a sum of money which is credited or paid to a lender by a borrower for the use of money. It’s calculated as the ratio of the payment for the use of money to the credit total amount. For instance, if a lender (bank) requires a client to pay $90 a year for the credit of $1000, the interest rate will make 9% (90/1000 * 100%). The interest rate can vary as a result of inflation or change of The Federal Reserve’s policy.
Intraday - currency trading during one trading day.
Instant Execution - technology of instant transactions execution when streaming quotes are available in the online mode.
Inflation - rise of the general level of prices.
Investor - a holder of financial resources on whose behalf currency transactions are conducted at the currency market.
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Ananta asystematic quantitative fx trading strategy.
This paper is the first of a series that aims to study in detail the ANANTA strategy, a short term systematic FX model using fixed income signals. We will focus in this part on outlining the context and an initial basic implementation of the methodology, from trading hypothesis to signal construction and results.
Number of Pages in PDF File: 20.
Keywords: interest rates, differential, momentum, systematic, quantitative, FX, strategy, currency, premium, tactical, Allocation, GTAA, trading, proprietary, Hedge, Volatility, Alpha, Beta, Efficient Markets, G10, G4, euro, dollar.
자메이카의 Forex 중개인.
자메이카의 외환 중개인.
&부; 2007-2015 Fusion Media Limited. 판권 소유.
Risk Disclosure: Fusion Media will not accept any liability for loss or damage as a result of reliance on the information contained within this website including data, quotes, charts and buy/sell signals. 금융 시장 거래와 관련된 위험 및 비용에 대해 충분히 알고 계시면 가능한 가장 위험한 투자 형태 중 하나입니다. 마진에 대한 통화 거래는 위험이 높으며 모든 투자자에게 적합하지 않습니다. 외환이나 다른 금융 수단을 거래하기로 결정하기 전에 투자 목표, 경험 수준 및 위험 선호도를 신중하게 고려해야합니다.
The metatrader4forex trading platform.
The MetaTrader 4 Forex Trading Platform.
Updated: April 11, 2013 at 8:33 AM.
Retail forex brokers will often provide their own proprietary trading platforms to their clients. The quality of their deal execution platform often represents a key criterion that traders use in the selection of a forex broker.
Nevertheless, other online forex brokers might support the use of popular independent platforms like the sophisticated MetaTrader 4 or MT4 software package available for free download from its developer's website.
What to Look for in a Forex Trading Platform.
In either case, the forex trading platform you select should be easy to use, efficient in order entry and cancellation, allow account management capabilities and facilitate market analysis.
Basically, forex trading platform software should allow traders to receive real-time forex quotes, enter orders and execute transactions. In many cases, trading platforms will also offer a variety of other useful tools and features.
The market standard for independent forex trading platforms is the popular MetaTrader 4 trading platform. This sophisticated software package is offered online free of charge by its developer in a fully functional demo version.
The MetaTrader 4 platform provides an overall access point for the forex trader to participate in the forex market, as well as providing helpful analytical tools.
MetaTrader 4 기능.
In addition to providing forex quotes, deal execution, account management, news and other analytic capabilities, MT4 also offers traders the ability to automate their trade plans using the software's proprietary MQL4 programming language.
This language has specific features for forex trading and allows you to create your own Expert Advisor or Custom Indicator.
Also, many commercial Expert Advisors or EAs, as well as a number of custom indicators, are specifically designed to run on MetaTrader 4. This allows you the possibility of automating your trading or using an existing trading robot to get started right away.
MetaTrader 4는 Forex Fast 거래를 시작할 수 있습니다.
Once you take the time to download and install MetaTrader 4 on your PC - which takes approximately 15 minutes - pretty much the only thing left to do to make your first forex trade is to open and fund an online forex trading account.
This can get you started trading forex very quickly, even if you know nothing whatsoever about the forex market. This is especially true if you want to use a commercial Expert Advisor to perform your forex trading automatically for you.
Nevertheless, you should be aware that many such EAs do not live up to their vendor's sales pitch when subjected to a live trading environment.
In addition, the MetaTrader 4 trading platform can also serve as an excellent forex educational tool, especially when combined with additional Internet educational research on how the forex market works and profitable forex trading strategies.
Basically, practice trading using the MT4 system to trade a forex demo account opened with a suitable forex broker under consideration for opening a live account can help prepare and familiarize a novice trader with respect to what trading in the forex market actually entails.
리스크 진술 : 마진에 대한 외환 거래는 높은 위험도를 가지며 모든 투자자에게 적합하지 않을 수 있습니다. 초기 보증금 이상을 잃을 가능성이 있습니다. 높은 레버리지는 당신뿐만 아니라 당신에게도 효과가 있습니다.
Quant at risk.
GARCH(p, q) Model and Exit Strategy for Intraday Algorithmic Traders.
Forecasting future has always been a part of human untamed skill to posses. In an enjoyable Hollywood production of Next Nicolas Cage playing a character of Frank Cadillac has an ability to see the future just up to a few minutes ahead. This allows him to take almost immediate actions to avoid the risks. Now, just imagine for a moment that you are an (algorithmic) intraday trader. What would you offer for a glimpse of knowing what is going to happen within following couple of minutes? What sort of risk would you undertake? Is it really possible to deduce the next move on your trading chessboard? Most probably the best answer to this question is: it is partially possible. Why then partially? Well, even with a help of mathematics and statistics, obviously God didnt want us to know future by putting his fingerprint into our equations and calling it a random variable . Smart, isnt it? Therefore, our goal is to work harder in order to guess what is going to happen next!?
In this post I will shortly describe one of the most popular methods of forecasting future volatility in financial time-series employing a GARCH model. Next, I will make use of 5-min intraday stock data of close prices to show how to infer possible stock value in next 5 minutes using current levels of volatility in intraday trading. Ultimately, I will discuss an exit strategy from a trade based on forecasted worst case scenario (stock price is forecasted to exceed the assumed stop-loss level). But first, lets warm up with some cute equations we cannot live without.
Capturing and digesting volatility is somehow like an art that does not attempt to represent external, recognizable reality but seeks to achieve its effect using shapes, forms, colors, and textures. The basic idea we want to describe here is a volatility $sigma_t$ of a random variable (rv) of, e. 지. an asset price, on day $t$ as estimated at the end of the previous day $t-1$. How to do it in the most easiest way? Its simple. First lets assume that a logarithmic rate of change of the asset price between two time steps is:
$$ what corresponds to the return expressed in percents as $R_ =100[exp(r_ )-1]$ and we will be using this transformation throughout the rest of the text. This notation leaves us with a window of opportunity to denote $r_t$ as an innovation to the rate of return under condition that we are able, somehow, to deduce, infer, and forecast a future asset price of $P_t$.
Using classical definition of a sample variance, we are allowed to write it down as:
sigma_t^2 = frac sum_ ^ (r_ - langle r angle)^2.
$$ what is our forecast of the variance rate in next time step $t$ based on past $m$ data points, and $langle r angle=m^ sum_ ^ r_ $ is a sample mean. Now, if we examine return series which is sampled every one day, or an hour, or a minute, it is worth to notice that $langle r angle$ is very small as compared with the standard deviation of changes. This observation pushes us a bit further in rewriting the estimation of $sigma_t$ as:
sigma_t^2 = frac sum_ ^ r_ ^2.
$$ where $m-1$ has been replaced with $m$ by adding an extra degree of freedom (equivalent to a maximum likelihood estimate). What is superbly important about this formula is the fact that it gives an equal weighting of unity to every value of $r_ $ as we can always imagine that quantity multiplied by one. But in practice, we may have a small wish to associate some weights $alpha_i$ as follows:
sigma_t^2 = sum_ ^ alpha_i r_ ^2.
$$ where $sum_ ^ alpha_i = 1$ what replaces a factor of $m^ $ in the previous formula. If you think for a second about the idea of $alpha$s it is pretty straightforward to understand that every observation of $r_ $ has some significant contribution to the overall value of $sigma_t^2$. In particular, if we select $alpha_i j$, every past observation from the most current time of $t-1$ contributes less and less.
In 1982 R. Engle proposed a tiny extension of discussed formula, finalized in the form of AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity ARCH($m$) model:
sigma_t^2 = omega + sum_ ^ alpha_i r_ ^2.
$$ where $omega$ is the weighted long-run variance taking its position with a weight of $gamma$, such $omega=gamma V$ and now $gamma+sum_ ^ alpha_i = 1$. What the ARCH model allows is the estimation of future volatility, $sigma_t$, taking into account only past $m$ weighted rates of return $alpha_i r_ $ and additional parameter of $omega$. In practice, we aim at finding weights of $alpha_i$ and $gamma$ using maximum likelihood method for given return series of $ $. This approach, in general, requires approximately $m>3$ in order to describe $sigma_t^2$ efficiently. So, the question emerges: can we do much better? And the answer is: of course.
Four years later, in 1986, a new player entered the ring. His name was Mr T (Bollerslev) and he literally crushed Engle in the second round with an innovation of the Generalized AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity GARCH($p, q$) model:
sigma_t^2 = omega + sum_ ^ alpha_i r_ ^2 + sum_ ^ beta_j sigma_ ^2.
$$ which derives its $sigma_t^2$ based on $p$ past observations of $r^2$ and $q$ most recent estimates of the variance rate. The inferred return is then equal $r_t=sigma_tepsilon_t$ where $epsilon_tsim N(0,1)$ what leave us with a rather pale and wry face as we know what in practice that truly means! A some sort of simplification meeting a wide applause in financial hassle delivers the solution of GARCH(1,1) model:
sigma_t^2 = omega + alpha r_ ^2 + beta sigma_ ^2.
$$ which derives its value based solely on the most recent update of $r$ and $sigma$. If we think for a shorter while, GARCH(1,1) should provide us with a good taste of forecasted volatility when the series of past couple of returns were similar, however its weakness emerges in the moments of sudden jumps (shocks) in price changes what causes overestimated volatility predictions. Well, no model is perfect.
Similarly as in case of ARCH model, for GARCH(1,1) we may use the maximum likelihood method to find the best estimates of $alpha$ and $beta$ parameters leading us to a long-run volatility of $[omega/(1-alpha-beta)]^ $. It is usually achieved in the iterative process by looking for the maximum value of the sum among all sums computed as follows:
sum_ ^ left[ - ln(sigma_i) frac ight]
$$ where $N$ denotes the length of the return series $ $ ($j=2,,N$) available for us. There are special dedicated algorithms for doing that and, as we will see later on, we will make use of one of them in Matlab.
For the remaining discussion on verification procedure of GARCH model as a tool to explain volatility in the return time-series, pros and cons, and other comparisons of GARCH to other ARCH-derivatives I refer you to the immortal and infamous quants bible of John Hull and more in-depth textbook by a financial time-series role model Ruey Tsay .
Predicting the Unpredictable.
The concept of predicting the next move in asset price based on GARCH model appears to be thrilling and exciting. The only worry we may have, and as it has been already recognized by us, is the fact that the forecasted return value is $r_t=sigma_tepsilon_t$ with $epsilon_t$ to be a rv drawn from a normal distribution of $N(0,1)$. That implies $r_t$ to be a rv such $r_tsim N(0,sigma_t)$. This model we are allowed to extend further to an attractive form of:
r_t = mu + sigma_tepsilon_t sim N(mu, sigma_t)
$$ where by $mu$ we will understand a simple mean over past $k$ data points:
Gap-on-Open Profitable Trading Strategy.
After a longer while, QuantAtRisk is back to business. As an algo trader I have been always tempted to test a gap-on-open trading strategy. There were various reasons standing behind it but the most popular one was always omni-discussed: good/bad news on the stock. And what? The stock price skyrocketed/dropped down on the following days. When we approach such price patterns, we talk about triggers or triggered events . The core of the algorithms activity is the trigger identification and taking proper actions: to go long or short. Thats it. In both cases we want to make money.
In this post we will design the initial conditions for our gap-on-open trading strategy acting as the triggers and we will backtest a realistic scenario of betting our money on those stocks that opened higher on the next trading day. Our goal is to find the most optimal holding period for such trades closed with a profit.
Our strategy can be backtested using any $N$-asset portfolio. Here, for simplicity, let us use a random subset of 10 stocks (portfolio. lst) being a part of a current Dow Jones Index:
Applied Portfolio Optimization with Risk Management using Matlab.
The eBook presents the ins and outs of the Portfolio Optimization problem in practice. It describes in detail the essential theoretical background standing behind looking for an optimal solution for any portfolio of assets. It includes extensive MATLAB codes ready to re-run and apply as a part of your asset allocation strategy. The ebook discusses the pitfalls and commonly underestimated concepts of risk in the investment process. Written in an extremely compact but superbly efficient way. Designed as a ready-to-use practical guidebook for quantitative analysts, financial investors, and algorithmic traders.
1st Edition. QuantAtRisk signature of Quality.
350+ lines of MATLAB code included.
What will you find inside the eBook .
Simplicity of Complexity, Essential Matlab, Approaching the Target.
Portfolio under Construction.
Hong Kong 6.32am (an introduction to asset trading concept), Financial Time-Series (definitions, web-access, downloading, pre-processing), Analysis of Return-Series (essential data processing), 2-Asset Portfolios (modern portfolio theory, portfolio-related measures), Efficient Frontier for 2-Asset Portfolio (theory and impact of correlation between assets), Estimation of Efficient Frontier for N-Asset Portfolio (implementation, portfolio object construction)
Optimization under Risk.
New York City 9.06pm (30-asset portfolio in practice, risk and return, historical impact of input data, aspects of portfolio selection), Risk and Return for N-Asset Portfolio (algebra, MATLAB codes in action), Optimization Problem Formulation, Default Optimization Problem, Portfolio Allocation Problem at Work (choice of target, optimization process, risk or return?), Portfolio Optimization with Risk under Control (understanding of risk management in live applications)
As usual Pawel exceeds expectations with the form and content. I found this ebook very handy and Matlab code is very well written.
Jim Reynolds, NYC.
I was surprised by a low number of pages but hugely rewarded by the content! MATLAB code is simply great!
Im great fan of Pawel website and his first ebook extends his credibility as a quant with deep understanding of financial problems.
Ricardo de Ferri, Rio de Janeiro.
I am presently studying for my CFA level 2 in which most of the concepts are covered in your book as well and therefore it is easy to relate to them.
Rebinning Tick-Data for FX Algo Traders.
If you work or intend to work with FX data in order to build and backtest your own FX models, the Historical Tick-Data of Pepperstone is probably the best place to kick off your algorithmic experience. As for now, they offer tick-data sets of 15 most frequently traded currency pairs since May 2009. Some of the unziped files (one month data) reach over 400 MB in size, i. 이자형. storing 8.5+ millions of lines with a tick resolution for both bid and ask prices. A good thing is you can download them all free of charge and their quality is regarded as very high. A bad thing is there is 3 month delay in data accessibility.
Dealing with a rebinning process of tick-data up, thats a different story and the subject of this post. We will see how efficiently you can turn Pepperstones Tick-Data set(s) into 5-min time-series as an example. We will make use of scripting in bash (Linux/OS X) supplemented with data processing in Python.
You can download Pepperstones historical tick-data from here. month by month, pair by pair. Their inner structure follows the same pattern, namely:
The columns, from left to right, represent respectively: a pair name, the date and tick-time, the bid price, and the ask price.
Lets play with AUDUSD-2014-09.csv data file. Working in the same directory where the file is located we begin with writing a bash script (pp. scr) that contains:
John chull options futures and other derivatives solutions manual pdf.
John C Hull Options Futures And Other Derivatives Solutions Manual Pdf.
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Top Up Option Math.
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Best Rated Options Trading Platform.
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Dynamic Optionsxpress Pricing Volatility Trading Strategies In The Currency Option Market.
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Corporate plan.
The Department of Education and Training Corporate Plan 2015–2019 sets out our vision: opportunity through learning, and describes our purpose as an entity, our goals and priorities over the next four years. It also sets out our planned performance measures to ensure our work provides quality learning opportunities for everyone.
The plan is divided into the following chapters, introduction, purpose, key areas of focus, environment, performance, capabilities, risk oversight and management.
The Corporate Plan 2015-19 replaces the Department of Education Strategic Plan 2014-17 as the principal planning document for the department. 2015-16 is the first year that Commonwealth entities have been required to develop and publish a 4-year Corporate Plan, in accordance with the Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Act 2013 (PGPA Act).
The Corporate Plan is one of a suite of strategic documents, developed by the department, to outline its purpose and activities. Other strategic documents include the Portfolio Budget Statements. Evaluation Plan. and Annual Report .
How to use bollinger bands in forex.
How to Use Bollinger Bands in Forex.
Developed by technical analyst John Bollinger in the 1980s, Bollinger Bands identify the degree of real-time volatility for a currency pair. Traders keep a close eye on volatility because a sudden increase in volatility levels is often the prelude to a market trend reversal. Bollinger Bands are placed over a price chart and consist of a moving average together with upper and lower bands that define pricing "channels".
Bollinger was not the first to plot moving averages. Indeed, moderating the effect of rate fluctuations through a moving average calculation has long been a staple of technical analysis. However, Bollinger took the idea one step further by using the concept of standard deviations to add bands above and below the moving average line to define upper and lower rate boundaries. These boundaries form the pricing channels used to measure volatility.
In the previous lesson, we saw that a moving average based on the most recent spot rates "smoothes out" overall rate fluctuations. To review how moving averages are calculated, see Lesson 1 - Moving Averages for more information.
Trading strategies(stock market)
Trading Strategies (Stock market)
By Galen Woods in Trading Articles on 17 December 2013.
Why do we need to understand the concept of trapped trader s? What are trapped trader s?
. Profit able trader s always have a trading plan. The alternative is just not an option. Trading is a speculative business but it is a business. A plan is the foundation upon which you will build your trading future.
Barrel shooting and.
are the two basic ways of stock market trading. Stock trading strategies are used by investor s to determine the stocks to buy and the time to sell. It also helps them protect their investment s.
outperform barrel shooting by a large margin.
Having Flexibility in.
A trader should have some general flexibility in his or her approach in building equity depending on his or her successes and failure s. Basically, there are several different approaches to sizing a position depending on total equity.
Sixty second binary options trading strategies.
Market confirmation is on of the stock trading strategies that observe "price action " of stocks. and the equity market s. This concept views the market s as a whole. It is important to notice that market s move in lockstep. The Dow Jones index moves and some what correlates with the Nasdaq.
. the systematic trader typically automates an objective set of trading rules that define exact conditions under which trades will be entered, managed and exited.
Lesson 6: The Falling and Rising Wedge.
Forex scandal.
The forex scandal (also known as the forex probe ) is a financial scandal that involves the revelation, and subsequent investigation, that banks colluded for at least a decade to manipulate exchange rates for their own financial gain. Market regulators in Asia, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States began to investigate the $5.3 trillion-a-day foreign exchange market (forex) after Bloomberg News reported in June 2013 that currency dealers said they had been front-running client orders and rigging the foreign exchange benchmark WM/Reuters rates by colluding with counterparts and pushing through trades before and during the 60-second windows when the benchmark rates are set. The behavior occurred daily in the spot foreign-exchange market and went on for at least a decade according to currency traders. [ 3 ]
At the center of the investigation are the transcripts of electronic chatrooms in which senior currency traders discussed with their competitors at other banks the types and volume of the trades they planned to place. The electronic chatrooms had names such as "The Cartel", "The Bandits’ Club", "One Team, One Dream" and "The Mafia". [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] The discussions in the chatrooms were interspersed with jokes about manipulating the forex market and repeated references to alcohol, drugs, and women. [ 7 ] Regulators are particularly focusing in on one small exclusive chatroom which was variously called the The Cartel or The Mafia. The chatroom was used by some of the most influential traders in London and membership in the chatroom was highly sought after. Among The Cartel's members were Richard Usher, a former Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) senior trader who went to JPMorgan as head of spot foreign exchange trading in 2010, Rohan Ramchandani, Citigroup ’s head of European spot trading, Matt Gardiner, who joined Standard Chartered after working at UBS and Barclays. and Chris Ashton, head of voice spot trading at Barclays. Two of these senior traders, Richard Usher and Rohan Ramchandani, are members of the 13-member Bank of England Joint Standing Committee's chief dealers group. [ 8 ]
At least 15 banks including Barclays, HSBC. and Goldman Sachs disclosed investigations by regulators. Barclays, Citigroup, and JPMorgan Chase all suspended or placed on leave senior currency traders. 도이치 뱅크. continental Europe’s largest lender, was also cooperating with requests for information from regulators. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Barclays, Citigroup, Deutsche Bank, HSBC, JPMorgan Chase, Lloyds. RBS, Standard Chartered, UBS and the Bank of England as of June 2014 had suspended, placed on leave, or fired some 40 forex employees. [ 6 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Citigroup had also fired its head of European spot foreign exchange trading, Rohan Ramchandani. [ 13 ] Reuters reported hundreds of traders around the world could be implicated in the scandal. [ 14 ]
The monetary losses caused by manipulation of the forex market has been estimated to represent $11.5 billions-a-year for Britain’s 20.7 million pension holders alone (?7.5B/year). [ 15 ] [ not in citation given ] The manipulations affected customers all around the world, for over a decade. The manipulations' overall estimated cost is not yet fully known.
Trading faqs about your account.
Trading FAQs: About Your Account.
How does cash availability work in my account?
Opening a Fidelity account automatically establishes a core position, used for processing cash transactions and for holding uninvested cash.
How Your Core Position Works.
When you sell a security, the proceeds are deposited in your core position. When you buy a security, cash in your core position is used to pay for the trade. This happens automatically—you do not have to "sell" out of your core account to make a purchase. Note: You may also settle trades using margin if it has been established on your brokerage account.
Electronic funds transfers (EFTs)
Fidelity ATM, and Visa Gold Card transactions.
Payments made through Fidelity BillPay В® service.